黄河口尾闾河道近期自然出汊过程及其机理探讨  

Study on channel avulsion in the recent tail reach of the Yellow River Estuary

作　　者：杨卓媛 夏军强[1] 周美蓉[1] 万占伟 YANG Zhuo-yuan;XIA Jun-qiang;ZHOU Mei-rong;WAN Zhan-wei(State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co.Ltd,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2022年第1期65-72,共8页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFC0405501);国家自然科学基金项目(51725902)。

摘　　要：研究黄河口综合治理的尾闾河道出汊过程及其自然出汊机理对于河口地区保护具有重要意义。基于1996-2016年黄河口尾闾段遥感资料探讨了河道历史出汊过程及特点。分析河床边界、洪水及海洋动力条件,发现在自然出汊前尾闾段滩地横比降增加,不利于漫滩水流回归主槽。洪水动力条件比海洋动力条件的影响更为明显。分析尾闾段河床不稳定性发现,当河床不稳定系数与前一年相比增幅在10%以上时,河道极有可能发生自然出汊。最后利用一维水沙数学模型对2007年河道自然出汊时段进行了预测,估计该年出汊时段为6月26日,遥感影像验证表明预估出汊时段与实际基本相符。Based on the remote sensing data of the Yellow River Estuary from 1996 to 2016,the boundary condition,the runoff and ocean dynamic conditions and the instability of river-bed were studied.It was found that before the channel avulsion,not only the"inverse slope"which is not conducive to the overbank flow return to the main channel will be formed gradually,but also the longitudinal slope of the main channel will be negative;the stability of the river channel mainly depends on the interaction and restriction between the river boundary conditions and flood dynamic conditions.The instability coefficient of riverbed increased by more than 10%compared with the previous year.Finally,the specific time of channel avulsion in 2007 was 26 June predicted by a 1 D numerical model,which was verified by the remote sensing images of that year,and the predicted period was consistent with the actual situation.

关 键 词：遥感影像资料 河道出汊 形成机理 尾闾河段 黄河口 

分 类 号：TV148.3[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]