阜山金矿进回风巷粉尘孔粒径分布及其分形特征  

PSD,pore structure,and fractal characteristics of intake and return airway dust in Fushan gold mine

作　　者：徐晶格 欧盛南 刘建国[1,2] 金龙哲[1,2] 王嘉莹[3] XU Jingge;OU shengnan;LIU Jianguo;JIN Longzhe;WANG Jiaying(School of Civil and Resource Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines of the Ministry of Education,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Occupational Safety and Health Research Center of National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China,Beijing 102308,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083 [2]北京科技大学金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [3]国家卫生健康委员会职业安全卫生研究中心,北京102308

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2022年第1期118-126,共9页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(51874015);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0805204)。

摘　　要：为探究金属矿井下粉尘孔粒径特征,以阜山金矿为例,系统研究其进风巷粉尘(IAD)、回风巷粉尘(RAD)的孔粒径分布(PSD)情况。首先,利用激光粒度分析仪与扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、低温液氮吸附仪分别测试粉尘粒径与孔参数,然后利用分形理论计算并分析其粒度分形维数与孔分形维数。结果表明:RAD粒径比IAD粒径小,两者最可几粒径分别为7.19、23.58μm,可被人体吸入粉尘(粒径≤10μm)占比分别为65%、40%,但IAD中的微细颗粒物(粒径≤1μm)占比多于RAD,两者分别为0.67%、0.39%;其次,IAD、RAD孔结构类型均以不透气性密闭孔为主,且RAD孔结构较IAD更为发达,金矿采场爆破作用是致使RAD孔结构发达的原因;此外,IAD、RAD均具有显著的粒径和孔分形特征,其中IAD的粒度分形维数与孔分形维数均大于RAD,说明IAD粒径分布更复杂、表面粗糙度更大、孔复杂度更高。因此,金属矿山应加强对IAD的重视与控制。In order to study particle size and pore characteristics of dust in underground metal mines,with Fushan gold mine as an example,PSD and pore characteristics of its IAD and RAD were systematically investigated.Firstly,PSD of dust samples were measured by using laser particle size analyzer and scanning electron microscope(SEM),meanwhile,pore parameters were measured by low-pressure N_(2) gas adsorption device.Then,fractal dimensions of particle size and pore volume were calculated according fractal theory,respectively.The results show that the particle size of RAD is less than that of IAD.Their most probable particle size are 7.19 and 23.58μm,respectively,and the respirable dust percentage in them are 65%and 40%,respectively.However,the fine particles(particle size less than 1μm)percentage in IAD(0.67%)is larger than that in RAD(0.39%).In addition,pore types in RAD and IAD are similar and mainly consist by impermeable closed pore,while RAD pore is more developed than IAD pore,which was caused by the blasting action in gold mines.Furthermore,both IAD and RAD feature significant fractal characteristics,and fractal dimensions of IAD,including particle size and pore volume,are larger than that of RAD,which indicates that PSD,surface roughness and pore complexity of IAD are all more complicated than that of RAD.Therefore,gold mines should pay more attention to IAD.

关 键 词：阜山金矿 进风巷粉尘(IAD) 回风巷粉尘(RAD) 粒径分布(PSD) 孔结构 分形维数 

分 类 号：X964[环境科学与工程—安全科学]