《悬泉汉简(壹)》历表类残册复原——兼谈“历日”与“质日”  

Restoration of the Fragmental Calendar Entries in Wooden Slips from Xuanquan OutpostⅠ——Plus a Discussion on Liri and Zhiri

作　　者：孙占宇[1] 赵丹丹[2] SUN Zhanyu;ZHAO Dandan(Wooden Slips Research Institute,Lanzhou City University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730030;Wooden Slips Research Center,Alashan Museum,Alashan Left County,Inner Mongolia 750306)

机构地区：[1]兰州城市学院简牍研究所,甘肃兰州730030 [2]阿拉善博物馆简牍研究中心,内蒙古阿拉善左旗750306

出　　处：《敦煌研究》2021年第6期127-135,共9页Dunhuang Research

基　　金：国家社科基金冷门“绝学”研究专项“肩水金关汉简分类集成研究”(19VJX010)。

摘　　要：立足于出土秦汉历表类简册的整体特点,从简牍材质形制、书法风格及抄本特点等方面的一致性入手,对《悬泉汉简(壹)》中13枚残简的具体内容进行了细致考证,局部复原5件年代可考的册书。并初步指出"历日"主要用于查看日期和时日禁忌,与近世流行的"宪书""皇历"并无太大区别;而"质日"则兼具"历日"与"记事簿"的双重功能,与今日流行的台历较为接近。二者之别,主要在是否记事或预备记事。This paper conducts a detailed study of the contents of thirteen fragmental slips from Wooden Slips of Xuanquan Outpost I based on analysis of the characteristics of calendar entries from the Qin and Han dynasty slips,including physical material and shape and calligraphic style.The thirteen slips can be partially restored into five imperial edicts that have been accurately dated.This analysis has also clarified the meaning and use of two terms related to the use of ancient calendars.Liri(calendar days)were mainly used to catalogue and check the taboos of specific dates and times and were similar to the almanacs of modern times.Zhiri(particular days;diary days)functioned as both an almanac and a personal memo pad for officials and were similar to a desk calendar with a record of events organized according to the Chinese sexagenary cycle.The main difference between liri and zhiri is whether or not a given entry was intended for the recording of events.

关 键 词：悬泉汉简 历日 质日 

分 类 号：K877.5[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]