Inclusion of forestry offsets in emission trading schemes:insights from global experts  

作　　者：Anil Shrestha Sarah Eshpeter Nuyun Li Jinliang Li John O.Nile Guangyu Wang 

机构地区：[1]Asia Forest Research Centre,Faculty of Forestry,University of British Columbia,Vancouver,BC V6T 1Z4,Canada [2]China Green Carbon Foundation,Beijing 100714,People’s Republic of China [3]Chinese Institute Green Carbon,Beijing 100029,People’s Republic of China [4]The Carbon Institute,San Diego,CA 92103,USA

出　　处：《Journal of Forestry Research》2022年第1期279-287,共9页林业研究（英文版）

基　　金：funded by the China Green Carbon Foundation and the Faculty of Forestry,University of British Columbia。

摘　　要：Emissions trading schemes(ETSs)have been a central component of international climate change policies,as a carbon pricing tool to achieve emissions reduction targets.Forest carbon offset credits have been leveraged in many ETSs to efficiently meet emission reduction targets,yet there is little knowledge about the perceptions,experiences,and challenges associated with the forest carbon offsetting in existing and pilot ETS.Given that the future inclusion of forest carbon offset in ETS management activities and policies will require strong support and acceptability among the institutions and experts involved in ETS,this study explores the experiences and lessons learned with 16 globally engaging experts representing major existing ETSs(North America,Europe,and New Zealand)and Chinese pilot ETSs towards the inclusion of forestry offsets,major concerns and challenges with existing implementation models.Findings revealed that many respondents particularly from North America,New Zealand,and Chinese pilot systems portrayed positive attitudes toward the inclusion of forestry carbon offsets and its role in contributing to a viable ETS,while European experts were not supportive.Respondents cited leakage,permanence,additionality,and monitoring design features as the major challenges and concerns that inhibit the expansion and inclusion of forest carbon offsetting.Respondents from Chinese pilot schemes referenced a unique set of challenges related to implementation,including the increasing cost of afforestation and reforestation projects,the uncertainty in the future supply and demand for their national Certified Emissions Reduction(CER)scheme and landowner engagement.Existing and future ETSs should learn from and address the challenges experienced by global experts and carbon pricing mechanisms to design,evaluate,or enhance their forest carbon offset programs for an effective and viable system that successfully contributes to GHG mitigation practices globally.We recommend inclusion of forest carbon offsets at the early stage

关 键 词：Emission trading scheme Forest carbon offsets Climate change Cap and trade Carbon 

分 类 号：X322[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F316.2[经济管理—产业经济]