宽方位三维地震资料在鄂尔多斯盆地盐池地区断层识别中的应用  

Applications of wide azimuth 3D seismic in fault identification of Yanchi area of Ordos Basin

作　　者：张杰[1] 黄黎刚[1] 赵玉华[1,2] 王大兴[1,2] 赵德勇[1] 朱军[1] ZHANG Jie;HUANG LiGang;ZHAO YuHua;WANG DaXing;ZHAO DeYong;ZHU Jun(Exploration and Development Institute of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company,Xi’an 710018,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Low-permabilitt Oil/Gas Exploration and Development,Xi’an 710018,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油长庆油田分公司勘探开发研究院,西安710018 [2]低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室,西安710018

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2021年第6期2628-2635,共8页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家科技重大专项“鄂尔多斯盆地致密油开发示范工程”(2017ZX05069);“长庆油田5000万吨持续高效稳产关键技术研究与应用”(2016E-0503)联合资助。

摘　　要：鄂尔多斯盆地盐池地区断层发育,断层控藏明显.受地震地质条件所限,该地区一直实施二维地震勘探,导致对勘探区域的断层期次、性质、分布规律及构造成藏认识不清.近几年部署的宽方位三维地震为精细研究断层特征及其与成藏的关系提供了可靠的资料.针对宽方位地震数据,采用方位敏感属性准确的识别了断层.在此基础上,结合钻井资料,对断层期次、展布特征及构造成藏特征进行了研究,首次明确了该区发育四期断层.Ⅰ期断层形成于三叠世长4+5沉积末期,为雁列式展布的正断层,NW-SE走向;Ⅱ期断层形成于侏罗世晚期,为燕山运动形成的西缘逆冲推覆及其伴生逆断层,S-N走向;Ⅲ期断层形成于白垩世晚期,为燕山运动形成的左旋走滑断层,EEN-WWS走向;Ⅳ期断层形成于渐新世早期,为喜马拉雅运动形成的正断层,NW-SE走向,在盆地内部发育.通过对断层的精细刻画,对超低渗透储层断层控藏模式取得了新的认识,成功指导了多口井位钻探,钻井成功率提高了40%以上,打开了该区勘探开发新局面,同时有力说明了宽方位地震勘探在鄂尔多斯盆地的适用性.Yanchi area of the Ordos Basin developed many faults,and the faults control reservoirs obviously.Limited by the surface of the loess wall,2 D seismic acquisition has been carried out in this area,resulting in unclear understanding of fault period,nature,distribution rule and structural reservoir formation in the exploration area.The seismic wide-azimuth acquisition deployed in recent years provides reliable data for the detailed study of fault characteristics and its relationship with reservoir formation.For the seismic wide-azimuth data,the azimuth-sensitive attribute fusion technology is used to accurately identify the fault.On this basis,combined with drilling data,the fault stages,distribution characteristics,and structural accumulation characteristics have been studied,and it is the first to reveal that there are four stages of faults in this area.The stageⅠfaults were formed at the end of the Triassic Chang 4+5 deposition,which were normal faults with echelon distribution and NW-SE trend;the stageⅡfaults were formed in Late Jurassic,which were a thrust of the west edge formed by the Yanshan movement Overlying and its associated reverse faults,with S-N trend;the stageⅢfaults were formed in Late Cretaceous,which was left lateral strike slip fault formed by Yanshan movement,with EEN-WWS trend;the stageⅣfaults were formed in the early Oligocene and were formed by Himalayan movement in NW-SE trend and developed inside the basin.Through the fine description of faults,we have gained a new understanding of the regional structural reservoir forming model,successfully guided the drilling of multiple wells,and the success rate of drilling has increased over 40%,opening up a new prospect of exploration and development in this area,and at the same time,it has strongly demonstrated the applicability of wide-azimuth seismic exploration in Ordos Basin.

关 键 词：鄂尔多斯盆地 盐池地区 宽方位 三维地震 断层 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]