2013-2020年江苏省镇江市流感样病例及其病原学监测分析  

Influenza-like illness and etiological surveillance in Zhenjiang,Jiangsu,2013-2020

作　　者：孙丽娜 袁兆虎[1] 刘金[1] 缪春华[1] Sun Lina;Yuan Zhaohu;Liu Jin;Miao Chunhua(Zhenjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhenjiang 212004,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]镇江市疾病预防控制中心,江苏镇江212004

出　　处：《疾病监测》2021年第12期1302-1307,共6页Disease Surveillance

摘　　要：目的了解2013—2020年江苏省镇江市流感样病例(ILI)的流行病学特征及流感病毒的病原学变化趋势,为流感的防控提供科学依据。方法利用镇江市现有的流感监测哨点医院和流感监测网络实验室进行病例和病原学监测,并对2013—2020年的监测数据进行统计分析。结果2013—2020年镇江市流感监测哨点医院共报告207252例ILI,年平均ILI百分比(ILI%)为3.50%,总体呈上升趋势(趋势χ2=30554.00,P<0.001)。ILI中,0~4、5~14、15~24、25~59、≥60岁年龄组病例分别占39.91%、27.53%、7.40%、17.93%、7.23%。在同一个流感监测年度内ILI%存在2个高峰(12月至次年2月、6—9月)。2013—2020年镇江市共检测ILI标本25318份,流感阳性标本2780份,流感病毒检出率为10.98%,甲型流感(检出率为7.08%)的流行强度高于乙型流感(检出率为3.90%),甲型H1N1流感集中在1—3月,甲型H3N2集中在7—12月,乙型Victoria系集中在4—6月,乙型Yamagata系集中在1—3月。季节性流感病毒的流行存在2个特点:一是以某种型别毒株单独流行为主,二是多种型别毒株混合流行。2013—2019年镇江市共报告39起ILI暴发疫情,其中37起发生在学校和幼托机构,2020年未报告ILI暴发疫情。2020年新型冠状病毒肺炎防控期间镇江市ILI%(6.82%)较2013—2019年均值(3.03%)增加125.08%,并以≥60岁人群增加最多,增幅为176.61%;2020年1月流感病毒检出率为52.21%,2月为11.20%,3月为0.37%,4—12月为0,全年检出率(5.37%)比2013—2019年均值(11.79%)减少54.41%。结论镇江市各级政府及相关部门应根据当地ILI和流感病毒的流行特点,有针对性地加强流感防控工作,2020年新型冠状病毒肺炎防控期间所采取的防控措施值得借鉴。Objective To understand the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of influenza-like illness(ILI)in Zhenjiang,Jiangsu province,during 2013-2020,and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza.Methods ILI surveillance system consisting of influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals and influenza laboratory network in Zhenjiang was used to collect the surveillance data of ILI cases and pathogens in Zhenjiang from 2013 to 2020 for a statistical analysis.Results A total of 207252 ILI cases were reported by sentinel hospitals in Zhenjiang during 2013-2020,and the average ILI%during 2013-2020 was 3.50%,showing an increase trend(trendχ2=30554.00,P<0.001).The ILI cases in age groups 0-4,5-14,15-24,25-59 and≥60 years accounted for 39.91%,27.53%,7.40%,17.93%,7.23%respectively.There were two peaks of ILI%in the same influenza surveillance year,December-February and June-September.A total of 25318 ILI samples were tested in Zhenjiang during 2013-2020,in which 2780 were influenza virus positive(10.98%).The detection rate of influenza A virus(7.08%)was higher than influenza B virus(3.90%).Influenza A(H1 N1)virus was mainly detected during January-March,influenza A(H3 N2)was mainly detected during July-December,influenza B virus Victoria lineage was mainly detected during April-June,and influenza B virus Yamagata lineage was mainly detected during January-March.There were two types of influenza virus epidemics,one was caused by single influenza virus,and another one was caused by multi influenza viruses.A total of 39 ILI outbreaks were reported during 2013-2019 in Zhenjiang,in which 37 occurred in schools and child care settings,no ILI outbreak was reported in 2020.During COVID-19 epidemic period in 2020,the ILI%(6.82%)was 125.08%higher than the average during 2013-2019(3.03%),and the increase was highest in age group≥60 years(176.61%).The positive rate of influenza virus was 52.21%in January,11.20%in February,0.37%in March,0 in AprilDecember in 2020,the positive rate in 2020(5.37%)was 54.41

关 键 词：流感样病例 病原学监测 新型冠状病毒肺炎 流行病学 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R183.3