复合益生素的制备工艺研究  

Study on preparation technology of compound probiotics

作　　者：张美晨 关静渊 白慧丽 李常挺 曾芸[1] 李军 彭昊 ZHANG Meichen;GUAN Jingyuan;BAI Huili;LI Changting;ZENG Yun;LI Jun;PENG Hao(College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Guangxi Key laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology,Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute,Nanning 530001,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学动物科学技术学院,南宁530004 [2]广西壮族自治区兽医研究所广西兽医生物技术重点实验室,南宁530001

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2022年第1期107-111,共5页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：广西科技重大专项(AA18118051);广西重点研发计划项目(AB18221074);广西兽医生物技术重点实验室开放基金项目(19-50-40-B-02)。

摘　　要：为了初步筛选出较好的复合益生素制备工艺条件,使益生菌与中药提取物更好的联合应用,试验通过将地衣芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌与中药提取物(连翘提取物、双花提取物、黄芪提取物与山豆根提取物)进行体外共培养筛选出对益生菌生长无抑制作用的中药提取物,并用真空冷冻干燥法和低温热干燥法分别制备益生菌粉剂,对两种方法制备的活菌含量差异不显著的菌粉常温放置1个月后对菌粉活性复测,筛选出稳定且对益生菌保护性较好的制备工艺条件。结果表明:山豆根提取物对地衣芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌没有抑制作用;真空冷冻干燥法制备的菌粉中益生菌的存活率都偏低,低温热干燥法制备的菌粉中益生菌的活菌含量仍较高;热保护剂4%明胶和含60%甘油的生理盐水洗脱细菌制粉后活菌数变化虽然不大,但低温烘干后成硬块,需要再次研磨成细粉,而4%泊洛沙姆洗脱细菌低温烘干后呈粉状,有良好的流动性。因此,菌粉的制备选择低温热干燥法,以4%泊洛沙姆为保护剂,1个月后对4%泊洛沙姆制备的枯草芽孢杆菌和地衣芽孢杆菌粉活菌数进行复测,活菌数由1个月前的(5.50±3.99)×10^(9)cfu/g和(6.70±2.20)×10^(9)cfu/g分别降为(1.37±0.14)×10^(9)cfu/g和(3.78±0.06)×10^(9)cfu/g,差异均不显著(P>0.05)。因此,复合益生素中枯草芽孢杆菌和地衣芽孢杆菌粉剂的制备条件为96%玉米淀粉,4%泊洛沙姆,40℃热烘干;复合益生素的成分为在质量比例1∶1的地衣芽孢杆菌与枯草芽孢杆菌菌粉中添加0.1%山豆根提取物。说明地衣芽孢杆菌与枯草芽孢杆菌菌粉的制备方法及与山豆根提取物的联用初步可行。In order to preliminarily screen out better preparation process conditions for compound probiotics,so as to make probiotics and Chinese medicine extracts have better combined application.In this experiment,Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis were co-cultured with traditional Chinese medicine extracts(forsythia suspensa extract,double flower extract,astragalus membranaceus extract and bean root extract)in vitro to screen out Chinese medicine extracts that had no inhibitory effect on the growth of probiotics.Vacuum freeze-drying method and low temperature thermal drying method were used to prepare probiotics powder.For the bacterial powder prepared by the two methods with no significant difference in the content of viable bacteria,the activity of the bacterial powder was retested after being placed at room temperature for 1 month,respectively,so as to screen out stable and good protective preparation conditions for probiotics.The results showed that bean root extract had no inhibitory effect on Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis.The survival rate of probiotics in the bacterial powder prepared by vacuum freeze-drying method was low,and the survival rate of the probiotics in the bacterial powder prepared by low temperature thermal drying method was still high.Although there was little change in the number of viable bacteria after eluting bacteria with 4%gelatin and physiological saline with 60%glycerinas thermal protective agent,there was hard lump after low temperature drying,which needed to be ground into fine powder again.In contrast,4%poloxam-eluted bacteria were powdery and had good fluidity after low-temperature drying.Therefore,the preparation of bacterial powder selected the low temperature thermal drying method,with 4%poloxamer as the protective agent.One month later,the viable counts of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis powder prepared by 4%poloxamer were retested.The viable counts increased from(5.50±3.99)×10^(9)cfu/g and(6.70±2.20)×10^(9)cfu/g decreased to(1.37±0.14)×10

关 键 词：益生菌 中药提取物 多糖 保护剂 冷冻干燥法 热干燥法 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]