圆口铜鱼水力生境适宜度评价及集群区域预测  

Suitability Evaluation of Coreiusguichenoti’s Hydraulic Habitat and Prediction of Cluster Areas

作　　者：张兴磊 樊寒冰 薛敬阳 孙干 于江 安瑞冬[1] ZHANG Xing-lei;FAN Han-bing;XUE Jing-yang;SUN Gan;YU Jiang;AN Rui-dong(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;China Three Gorges Construction Management Corporation,Chengdu 610094,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610065 [2]中国三峡建设管理有限公司,四川成都610094

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2022年第1期64-67,共4页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0502207);国家自然科学基金项目(51779162);中国三峡建设管理有限公司项目资助(JG/18019B)。

摘　　要：梯级电站的开发对洄游鱼类天然生境造成了严重破坏且阻断了其洄游路径。以金沙江下游某典型高坝工程为例,选取圆口铜鱼为保护对象,对过鱼季节典型工况尾水下游河道进行了三维紊流数值模拟,分析了河道中流速、水深的分布情况,采用栖息地综合适宜度评价方法在研究区域内以流速、水深为评价因子对圆口铜鱼进行了洄游期水力生境适宜度评价,计算了不同工况下权值适宜面积占比。结果表明,各工况下主流流速较大,圆口铜鱼无法克服主流完成上溯;在主流靠近左右岸两侧存在水力生境适宜区间,权值适宜面积随着下泄流量增大而减小;在左岸x=-850、-1450 m和右岸x=-1300 m、-1600 m四处存在可能的集群区域,可为过鱼设施建设提供参考。The development of cascade power stations has caused serious damage to the natural habitat of migratory fish and blocked their migration path.Taking a typical high dam project in the lower reaches of the Jinshajiang River as an example,and selecting coreiusguichenoti as the protection object,this paper carries out a three-dimensional turbulent numerical simulation of the downstream channel of the tail water under the typical working conditions of the fish passing season,and analyzes the distribution of flow velocity and water depth in the river channel.Using the comprehensive habitat suitability evaluation method,the water velocity and water depth are used as evaluation factors to evaluate the hydrodynamic habitat suitability of coreiusguichenoti in the migration period in the study area,and the proportion of suitable area with weight value is calculated under different working conditions.The results show that the flow velocity of the mainstream under each working condition is relatively large,and there is an upward barrier;There are suitable intervals of hydraulic habitats on both sides of the mainstream near the left and right banks,and the suitable area of weight value decreases with increase of the discharge flow.There may be cluster areas on the left bank of x=-850 m,x=-1450 m and the right bank of x=-1300 m,x=-1600 m,which can provide a reference for the construction of fish crossing facilities.

关 键 词：水力生境 适宜度评价 圆口铜鱼 集群区域预测 生态水力学 

分 类 号：TV131[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] U643.2[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]