大倾角煤层长壁开采顶板受载与变形破坏倾角效应  

Obliquity effect of asymmetric deformation and failure of roof in longwall mining of steeply inclined seam

作　　者：罗生虎[1,2] 田程阳 伍永平[2,3] 皇普靖宇 王红伟[2,3] 解盘石[2,3] LUO Shenghu;TIAN Chengyang;WU Yongping;HUANGPU Jingyu;WANG Hongwei;XIE Panshi(Department of Mechanics,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710054,China;Key Laboratory of Western Mine Exploitation and Hazard Prevention Ministry of Education,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710054,China;School of Energy Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学理学院,陕西西安710054 [2]西安科技大学西部矿井开采及灾害防治教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [3]西安科技大学能源学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《中国矿业大学学报》2021年第6期1041-1050,共10页Journal of China University of Mining & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51974227,51634007,51974230);山东省重大科技创新工程资助项目(2019JZZY020326)。

摘　　要：大倾角煤层长壁工作面安全高效开采的关键是对围岩的有效控制,以新疆2130煤矿25221大倾角长壁综采工作面为研究背景,采用"现场监测+数值计算+模拟实验+理论分析"相结合的研究方法,在对顶板的破坏-运移-充填特征综合厘定与分析的基础上,构建顶板力学模型,系统研究了充填矸石非均衡约束条件下顶板的非对称变形破坏特征及其倾角效应.结果表明:在大倾角煤层开采中,煤层倾角的变化不仅会改变顶板的受载特征,亦会改变其对应的边界条件,且较前者而言,后者对顶板非对称变形破坏特征的影响更为显著.随着煤层倾角的增大,顶板所受法向载荷逐渐减小,充填矸石对顶板的非均衡约束效应逐渐增强,顶板的挠度和弯矩明显减小,挠度和弯矩沿工作面倾向的演化规律明显改变,顶板的最大变形位置由倾向中部区域向倾向上部区域迁移,顶板的最大弯矩位置由倾向下侧区段煤柱→倾向上侧区段煤柱→倾向中上部区域迁移.工作面倾向下部区域顶板受充填矸石支撑载荷作用后稳定性增强,顶板破坏运动的活动范围上移,工作面倾向中上部区域顶板岩层运动的幅度和剧烈程度加大,该区域煤壁、"支架-围岩"系统等在工作面推进过程中易出现动态失稳而引发围岩灾变.The stability control of surrounding rock is the key to safe and efficient mining of steeply inclined seam. Based on the geological conditions and characteristics of strata behaviors of No.25221 working face in 2130 coal mine in Xinjiang, the synthesis research methods of experimental study, numerical simulation and theoretical analysis was used in the paper to research the asymmetric deformation and failure characteristics of the roof and its obliquity effect under the condition of unbalanced restriction of filling gangue. The results show that the change of coal seam inclination not only changes the loading characteristics of the roof, but also changes its corresponding boundary conditions in steeply inclined seam mining. Compared with the former, the latter has more significant influence on the asymmetric deformation and failure characteristics of the roof. With the increase of coal seam dip angle, the normal load on the roof decreases gradually, and the non-equilibrium constraint effect of gangue filling on the roof increases gradually. Affected by that, the deflection and bending moment of the roof are obviously reduced, and the evolution law of the deflection and bending moment along the working face is obviously changed. Besides, the maximum deformation position of roof moves from the middle region to the upper region of tilt direction, and the maximum bending moment position of roof moves from coal pillar on the underside of working face to the coal pillar on the upper side of working face to upper and middle area of the inclined direction of the working face. The stability of the roof in the lower region of the inclined direction of the working face to be strengthened by filling gangue, the movement range of roof failure moves to the upper region of the inclined direction of the working face, and the amplitude and intensity of roof strata movement in the middle and upper part of the working face inclines to be increased. The coal wall and the "support-surrounding rock" system in this area are prone to dy

关 键 词：大倾角煤层 非均匀充填 顶板 变形破坏 倾角效应 

分 类 号：TD821[矿业工程—煤矿开采]