优化^(99)Tc^(m)-MDP骨显像检查中核医学技师辐射防护的研究  

A study of radiation protection optimization for nuclear medicine technologists during ^(99)Tc^(m)-MDP bone imaging

作　　者：张文杰 刘秀芹[1] 刘甫庚[1] 李旭[1] 姚稚明[1] ZHANG Wenjie;LIU Xiuqin;LIU Fugeng;LI Xu;YAO Zhiming(Department of Nuclear Medicine,Beijing Hospital,National Center of Gerontology,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730 China)

机构地区：[1]北京医院核医学科国家老年医学中心,中国医学科学院老年医学研究院,北京100730

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2021年第6期767-770,共4页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

摘　　要：目的通过分析^(99)Tc^(m)-MDP骨显像检查期间受检者的周围剂量当量率,优化核医学技师工作中的辐射防护。方法测量33例全身骨显像受检者注射^(99)Tc^(m)-MDP(亚甲基二膦酸盐)后,不同时间、不同距离处的周围剂量当量率;测量50例受检者注射^(99)Tc^(m)-MDP后身体不同部位(胸腹交界、骨盆、股骨中段和膝部)不同距离处的周围剂量当量率。结果受检者注射^(99)Tc^(m)-MDP后4 h,距其3 m处的周围剂量当量率是2 h的(59±11)%;距受检者1~7 m处的周围剂量当量率随距离增加递次显著下降;注射^(99)Tc^(m)-MDP后4 h,距受检者3、5和7 m处的周围剂量当量率约为1 m处的(18±1)%、(7±1)%和(2±1)%,P值均<0.001。在距受检者体表0.1 m处测量,受检者身体部位的周围剂量当量率从高到底依次为骨盆、胸腹交界、股骨中段和膝部,P值为<0.05。骨盆部位距体表0.1和0.2 m处的周围剂量当量率较体表处分别下降了(49±6)%和(63±6)%。结论骨显像检查技师的辐射防护措施可以进一步优化:适当推迟骨显像检查,以待受检者体内的辐射剂量进一步下降;引导受检者时,在确认受检者得到足够照顾的前提下,技师应尽量拉开与受检者之间的距离;给骨扫描受检者摆体位时尽量远离其辐射剂量最高的躯干部。Objective To analyze the ambient dose equivalent rate(ADER)of subjects during ^(99)Tc^(m)-MDP bone imaging and to optimize the on-site radiation protection for nuclear medicine technologists.Methods The ADERs at different time points and distances were measured in 33 subjects undergoing wholebody bone imaging after injection of technetium-99mmethylene diphosphonate(^(99)Tc^(m)-MDP);the ADERs were measured in 50 subjects at different body parts(e.g.,thoraco-abdominal junction,pelvis,middle femur,and knees)and at different distances after injection of ^(99)Tc^(m)-MDP.Results The ADERs at 3 meters from the subjects 4 hours after injection of ^(99)Tc^(m)-MDP was(59±11)%of those 2 hours after injection;the ADERs at 1 to 7 meters from the subjects decreased significantly as the distance increased;4 hours after injection of ^(99)Tc^(m)-MDP,the ADERs at 3,5,and 7 meters from the subjects were(18±1)%,(7±1)%,and(2±1)%,respectively,of those at 1 meter(all P<0.001).The ADERs at 0.1 meter from the subjects’body surface were highest at the pelvis,followed by the thoraco-abdominal junction,middle femur,and knees,with P values smaller than 0.05.The ADERs at the pelvis decreased(49±6)%and(63±6)%from the body surface to 0.1 and 0.2 meters from the body surface,respectively.Conclusion The radiation protection measures for technologists during bone imaging can be further optimized as follows:bone imaging can be delayed appropriately until the radiation dose within subjects’body is further reduced;technologists should keep as much distance as possible from subjects during guiding the subjects while providing them with adequate care;technologists should keep away from the torso of the subjects which bears the heaviest radiation.

关 键 词：骨显像 技师 周围剂量当量率 辐射防护 

分 类 号：R144.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]