1例早期HIV感染者的追踪及检测策略探讨  

Tracing and detection strategy of a case of early HIV infection

作　　者：杨东智[1] 曹慜[1] 宋玲[1] 吴忠兰[1] 马学平[1] YANG Dong-zhi;CAO Min;SONG Ling;WU Zhong-lan;MA Xue-ping(Ningxia Provincial Center for Diseases Control and Prevention,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750004,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏疾病预防控制中心,宁夏银川750004

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2021年第24期2958-2960,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金项目(2020AAC03435);宁夏重点研发项目(2018BEG03065)。

摘　　要：目的探讨从检测策略上如何最大限度地发现HIV感染者,尤其是发现早期感染HIV者,减少HIV的传播。方法对1例可疑的早期HIV感染者各项检测结果结合流行病学史进行分析判断。结果本案例在高危行为后初筛检测,第三代抗体检测试剂有反应,第四代抗原抗体检测试剂有反应,免疫印迹试验结果HIV抗体不确定,核酸检测结果为2920 copy/ml。随后的2次随访中,酶联免疫法S/CO明显升高,WB结果转阳,而核酸检测结果下降至450 copy/ml。序列分析结果显示该病例感染的HIV为CRF07_BC亚型,未见耐药突变位点。结论在使用HIV-1抗体诊断试剂盒(简称第三代试剂)筛查的基础上,采用HIV-1抗原抗体诊断试剂(简称第四代试剂)结合核酸检测方法,可以提高HIV感染者的检出率。Objective This study is to explore the detection strategies to maximize the detection of HIV infection,especially early detection of HIV infection,to reduce the transmission of HIV.Methods The detection results of a suspected early HIV infection were analyzed and judged in combination with epidemiological history.Results Primary screening showed that the third generation antibody detection reagent reacted,and the fourth generation antigen antibody detection reagent reacted.The results of Western blot test showed that the HIV antibody was uncertain,and the nucleic acid detection result was 2920 copy/ml.In the next two follow-up,the S/CO of ELISA increased significantly,WB turned positive,and nucleic acid detection decreased to 450 copy/ml.Sequence analysis showed that the HIV virus infected was CRF07_BC subtype,and there was no drug-resistant mutation site.Conclusion On the basis of using HIV-1 antibody diagnostic kit screening,the using of HIV-1 antigen antibody diagnostic reagent combined with nucleic acid detection method can improve the detection rate of HIV infected people.

关 键 词：人免疫缺陷病毒-1型 早期诊断 检测策略 

分 类 号：R593.32[医药卫生—内科学]