石油烃污染场地的微波修复土壤急性毒性及生态风险评价  

Assessment of acute soil toxicity and ecological risk in microwave remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated sites

作　　者：于鑫娅 蒋鹏 张华 陈维墉 薛银刚 张文艺 YU Xinya;JIANG Peng;ZHANG Hua;CHEN Weiyong;XUE Yingang;ZHANG Wenyi(School of Environmental and Safety Engineering,Changzhou University,Changzhou,213164,China;Jiangsu LongHuan Environmental Technology Co.Ltd,Changzhou,213031,China;Jiangsu LanLian Environmental Technology Co.,Ltd,Changzhou,213031,China)

机构地区：[1]常州大学环境与安全工程学院,常州213164 [2]江苏龙环环境科技有限公司,常州213031 [3]江苏蓝联环境科技有限公司,常州213031

出　　处：《环境化学》2021年第11期3413-3420,共8页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：中石化总公司科技计划项目(319005-7);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(SJCX19_0644,SJCX20_0941);常州市科技计划项目(CE20215010)。

摘　　要：为了准确评估微波修复后的场地石油烃污染土壤急性毒性和生态风险,采用斑马鱼胚胎急性毒性试验、发光细菌急性毒性试验和黑麦草生态指标试验进行测试,结合理化指标参数,通过毒性当量(TU)法对对照无污染土壤(B0)以及修复前、后土壤(B1、B2)的生物毒性进行综合评价.结果表明,微波修复前土壤显示出生物毒性,修复后土壤与修复前相比仍显示出生物毒性,但其毒性明显减弱;修复后土壤黑麦草生长状况良好,与修复前相比,黑麦草发芽率提高了40%,达65%,高度增加了2.3 cm,达6.8 cm,修复后土壤发芽指数由0.15提升至0.60,明显大于修复前土壤,而根伸长指数由0.45下降至0.17,明显小于修复前土壤;斑马鱼胚胎毒性当量由5.68 TU降至0.20 TU,发光细菌毒性当量由2.28 TU降至0.7 TU,急性毒性效应均明显减弱.本研究可为石油烃污染土壤修复工程毒性综合评价和人体健康风险评估工程设计和工程竣工验收提供参考.To accurately assess the acute toxicity and ecological risk of oil hydrocarbon contaminated soil in the site after microwave repair, the acute toxicity test of zebrafish embryos, the acute toxicity test of luminescent bacteria, and the ecological index test of ryegrass were used for testing, and the biotoxicity of controlled non-polluting soil(B0) and pre-and post-repair soil(B1, B2)was evaluated by toxicity equivalent(TU) method. The results showed that the soil showed biotoxicity before microwave remediation, and the soil still showed biotoxicity after remediation, but the toxicity was significantly reduced compared with that before remediation. After the restoration,the soil ryegrass grew well. Compared with the pre-repair period, the germination rate of ryegrass increased by 40%, up to 65%, and the height increased by 2.3 cm, up to 6.8 cm. The germination index of soil after restoration increased from 0.15 to 0.60, which was significantly higher than that of soil before restoration, while the root elongation index decreased from 0.45 to 0.17, which was significantly lower than that of soil before restoration.The zebrafish embryonic toxicity equivalent was reduced from 5.68 TU to 0.20 TU, and the luminescent bacterial toxicity equivalent was decreased from 2.28 TU to 0.7 TU, and the acute toxicity effect was significantly reduced. This study can provide a reference for the comprehensive evaluation of the toxicity of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil restoration project and the design and completion acceptance of human health risk assessment.

关 键 词：石油烃污染土壤 斑马鱼胚胎 发光细菌 黑麦草 生物毒性评价 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X53