间歇式活性污泥法(SBR)系统碳氮比对同步硝化反硝化微生物群落分布及脱氮效能的影响  

Effect of C/N ratio on the microbial community of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification(SND) and the biological nitrogen removal in sequencing batch reactor(SBR)

作　　者：陈翠忠 李俊峰[1] 刘生宝[1] 蓝明菊[1] 额热艾汗 王一凯 孙洪伟 CHEN Cuizhong;LI Junfeng;LIU Shengbao;LAN Mingju;Ereaihan;WANG Yikai;SUN Hongwei(College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi,832000,China;School of Environmental and Material Engineering,Yantai University,Yantai,264005,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,石河子832000 [2]烟台大学环境与材料工程学院,烟台264005

出　　处：《环境化学》2021年第11期3598-3607,共10页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目-新疆联合基金(U1803244);国家重点研发计划水资源高效利用专项课题(2017YFC0404304);兵团重点领域科技攻关计划(2019AB035);石河子大学科研项目(ZZZC201905B)资助。

摘　　要：同步硝化反硝化(simultaneous nitrification and denitrification,SND)是一种节能型废水处理工艺,但C/N对SBR系统SND及活性污泥微生物种群的影响机理尚不清楚。本试验以人工模拟废水为研究对象,采用4组不同碳氮比(C/N)系统(R_(0)、R_(5)、R_(10)和R_(15))对比分析了C/N对SBR系统SND及活性污泥微生物种群的影响,并通过高通量测序测定了SBR活性污泥系统微生物多样性。结果表明,C/N与SND效能的实现及提高显著正相关,随着C/N的升高,SBR系统SND率(19.2%→25.7%→35.0%→74.0%)和SND反应速率[(16.1→21.4→30.2→57.2)mg·(gSS·d)^(–)]显著升高,且R_(10)和R_(15)系统分别在第215和120周期后,SND对总氮去除贡献率达到63.7%和89%。高通量测序结果表明,门水平微生物具有较高的多样性,达到19门,主要包括变形菌门(55.10%),拟杆菌门(17.40%),蓝细菌门(7.90%),疣微菌门(5.00%)和硝化螺旋菌门(2.80%),其中变形门是优势菌种,并且属水平上也具有较高的多样性,数量达到112种以上,其中动胶菌属为优势菌属,且R_(0)系统内硝化螺旋菌属的相对丰度是R_(5)、R_(10)和R_(15)的106倍。此外,SBR活性污泥系统中包含反硝化菌的门和属主要由变形门、拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门中的22个菌属所组成。Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification(SND)is an energy-saving process of wastewater treatment,but the mechanism of C/N ratio effect on the SND and the microbial population of activated sludge in sequencing batch reactor(SBR)system are not clear.In this study,the long-term effect of C/N ratio on SND and bacterial community compositions of activated sludge in SBR system treating synthetic wastewater was investigated under four C/N ratio conditions(0,5,10,15),besides Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology was applied to investigate microbial communities of SBR system.The results showed that the C/N ratio was significantly positively related to the realization and improvement of SND performance.With the increase of C/N ratio(0→5→10→15),SND rate(19.2%→25.7%→35.0%→74.0%)and SND reaction rate[(16.1→21.4→30.2→57.2)mg·(gSS·d)^(–)]observably increased,meanwhile,after cycles of 215 and 120,63.7%and 89%of total nitrogen removal in R_(10)and R_(15)systems were attributed to SND.And the results of high-throughput sequencing technology showed that the level of phylum was diversities and richness and 19 phylums,which mainly included Proteobacteria(55.10%),Bacteroidetes(17.40%),Cyanobacteria(7.90%),Verrucomicrobia(5.00%)and Nitrospirae(2.80%),among which,the Proteobacteria was dominant phylum.Meanwhile,the level of genus was diversities and richness and 112 genera,among which Zoogloea was the dominant genus,besides the relative abundance of Nitrospira in R_(0) system was 106 times of R_(5),R_(10)and R_(15).In addition,the genus containing denitrifying bacteria in SBR system were mainly composed of 22 genera that belonged to the phylums of the Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes.

关 键 词：碳氮比 活性污泥 同步硝化反硝化 微生物多样性 好氧反硝化菌 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]