缓释肥与氮肥配施对万寿菊气体交换特征的影响  

Effect of Combined Application of Slow-release Fertilizer and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Gas Exchange Characteristics of Tagetes erecta L.

作　　者：白瑶 赵永平 魏永胜[1] BAI Yao;ZHAO Yongping;WEI Yongsheng(College of Life Sciences,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;School of Biomedicine and Food Engineering,Shangluo University,Shangluo,Shaanxi 726000,China;Shaanxi Qinling Mountains Characteristic Biological Resources Idustry Technology Research Institute,Shangluo,Shaanxi 726000,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]商洛学院生物医药与食品工程学院,陕西商洛726000 [3]陕西秦岭特色生物资源产业技术研究院,陕西商洛726000

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2022年第1期52-59,共8页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展专项(2019ZY-FP-02);商洛市博士创新团队项目(2017-45)。

摘　　要：以万寿菊为试材,采用盆栽试验,运用裂区设计,以缓释肥处理为主区,包括不施用缓释肥(T1)、喷施叶绿宝(T2)、基施多维肥精(T3)、基施多维肥精+喷施叶绿宝(T4)4个处理;氮肥处理为副区,即施氮0 kg/hm^(2)(N1)、150 kg/hm^(2)(N2)、300 kg/hm^(2)(N3)、450 kg/hm^(2)(N4)4个处理,通过测定万寿菊幼苗光合生理指标、叶绿素含量、膜稳定性以及保护酶等指标,以期为万寿菊合理栽培提供科学依据。结果表明:缓释肥和氮肥配施对万寿菊幼苗叶绿素含量和光合生理有一定的促进作用;叶绿素含量随着尿素水平的增加先升高后降低,在N3T2处理时达到最大值;Pn、Tr、Gs均随着尿素施用水平的增加而增加,而Ci随着尿素水平的增加而降低;缓释肥和氮肥配施对丙二醛含量和保护酶活性的影响较为一致。在N3T2时保护酶活性最高,丙二醛活性最低,防止膜脂过氧化延缓衰老。结论:施氮量达到300~450 kg/hm^(2)时,基施多维精肥和喷施叶绿宝可显著改善万寿菊气体交换特征。Taking Tagetes erecta L.as test material,a pot experiment was conducted with split plot design.The treatment of slow-release was taken as main treatment area,which indusds slow-release fertilizer(T1),spraying Yelubao(T2),basal application of Duowei fertilizer(T3),spraying Yelubao+basal application of Duowei fertilizer(T4);The nitrogen treatment was the secondary area,namely,nitrogen application of 0 kg/hm^(2)(N1),150 kg/hm^(2)(N2),300 kg/hm^(2)(N3),450 kg/hm^(2)(N4).In order to provide scientific basis for reasonable cultivation of Tagetes erecta L.,photosynthetic physiological indexes,chlorophyll content,membrane stability and protective enzymes of Tagetes erecta L.seedlings were determined.The results showed that the combined application of slow-release fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer increased the chlorophyll content and photosynthetic physiology of Tagetes erecta L.seedlings;the chlorophyll content first increased and then decreased with the increase of urea level,and reached the maximum value under N3T2 treatment;PN,TR,GS increased with the increase of urea application level,while Ci decreased;the effects of slow-release fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer on MDA content and protective enzyme activity were consistent,the protective enzyme activity was the highest and malondialdehyde activity was the lowest under N3T2,which could prevent membrane lipid peroxidation and delay aging.When nitrogen application rate reached 300~450 kg/hm^(2),basal application of Duowei fine fertilizer and spraying of Yelubao could significantly improve the photosynthetic performance of Tagetes erecta L.

关 键 词：缓释肥 氮肥 万寿菊 气孔交换 保护酶 

分 类 号：S681.9[农业科学—观赏园艺]