秸秆还田对热带土壤-水稻种植系统N_(2)O排放的影响  

Effects of Straw Returning on N_(2)O Emission under Tropical Soil-rice Planting System

作　　者：张鹏 吴佩聪 单颖[2] 邹刚华 丁哲利[4] 钱永德[1] 赵凤亮[2] ZHANG Peng;WU Peicong;SHAN Ying;ZOU Ganghua;DING Zheli;QIAN Yongde;ZHAO Fengliang(College of Agriculture,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,China;Institute of Environmental and Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou 571101,China;College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;Haikou Experimental Station,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海南海口571101 [3]海南大学热带作物学院,海南海口570228 [4]中国热带农业科学院海口实验站,海南海口571101

出　　处：《华北农学报》2021年第S01期260-266,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项资金(1630042017004,hzsjy2020001);海南省自然科学基金项目(319QN277);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YED0200206)。

摘　　要：为研究秸秆还田对热带地区稻田N_(2)O排放的影响,以不同管理措施下耕作4 a的稻田土壤为基础,通过盆栽试验观察种植水稻后N_(2)O排放动态变化。试验设置了不施氮对照(CK)、常规施氮(CT)、单施秸秆(ST)和常规施氮+秸秆(CTST)处理。结果表明,各处理N_(2)O排放通量在-0.23~6.64 mg/(m^(2)·h),主要集中在水稻生育前中期,CTST处理相比于CT处理显著降低了分蘖肥期田面水无机氮浓度(P<0.05),同时减少了N_(2)O排峰的维持时间;各处理全生育期N_(2)O累积排放量为0.13~2.85 g/m^(2),施氮处理显著高于不施氮处理(P<0.05),ST处理与CK处理差异不显著(P>0.05),CTST处理相比于CT处理可减排49.11%(P<0.05)。因此,施用氮肥是N_(2)O排放增加的主要原因,秸秆还田可显著减少热带土壤-水稻种植系统N_(2)O排放。In order to study the effects of straw returning on N_(2)O emission from paddy fields in tropical areas,this study was based on paddy soil cultivated for 4 years under different management measures,and observed the dynamic changes of N_(2)O emission after rice planting through pot experiment.The experiment set up N free control(CK),conventional N application(CT),only straw application(ST)and conventional N application combined with straw(CTST)treatment.The results showed that N_(2)O fluxes ranged from-0.23 to 6.64 mg/(m^(2)·h),mainly concentrated in the early and middle stages of rice growth.Compared with CT treatment,CTST treatment,significantly reduced inorganic N concentration in surface water at tillering stages(P<0.05),and reduced the maintenance time of N_(2)O emission peak.The whole growth period N_(2)O cumulative emission of each treatment ranged from 0.13 to 2.85 g/m^(2),and the N application treatment was significantly higher than the N free treatment(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the ST and CK treatment(P>0.05).Compared with the CT treatment,the CTST treatment could significantly reduce the N_(2)O emission by 49.11%(P<0.05).Therefore,application of nitrogen fertilizer is the main reason for the increase of N_(2)O emission,and straw returning can significantly reduce N_(2)O emission in tropical soil-rice system.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 N_(2)O排放 热带地区 水稻种植系统 田面水 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S141