农业社会化服务对土地规模经营的影响--基于棉花产业的实证研究  

The Impact of Agricultural Socialization Services on Land Scale Management:An Empirical Study Based on the Cotton Industry

作　　者：刘洋 余国新[1] LIU Yang;YU Guo-xin(College of Economics and Management,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学经济管理学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《经济问题》2022年第1期93-100,共8页On Economic Problems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“新形势下新疆棉区农业社会化服务体系的创新与扶持政策研究”(71463058);新疆自治区社会科学基金项目“乡村振兴背景下新疆农业生产性服务业发展路径研究”(19BYJ043)。

摘　　要：首先理论分析农业社会化服务内容的"技术—金融—政策"三个维度对农户土地规模经营意愿和行为的影响机理。其次以棉花产业为例,基于1152份棉农调研数据实证检验和对比分析其对意愿和行为影响的差异。结果表明:技术指导服务的10项指标对棉农土地规模经营意愿都有显著的正向影响,只有节水灌溉、机械采收、棉秆粉碎3项技术指导服务对棉农土地规模经营行为有显著正向影响;金融服务对棉农土地规模经营意愿具有显著正向影响,但是对棉农土地规模经营行为没有显著影响;政策服务对棉农土地规模经营意愿没有显著影响,但是对棉农土地规模经营行为有显著正向影响。得出结论,技术因素中节水灌溉、机械采收、棉秆粉碎3项技术服务对棉农土地规模经营实现的促进作用最大;金融因素对棉农土地规模经营实现的约束作用较小;政策因素的农业合作组织和棉花目标价格补贴政策对棉农土地规模经营实现的制约作用明显。最后提出通过发展农业社会化服务促进棉农土地规模经营实现的路径:技术引领型路径、组织创新型路径和政策倒逼型路径。This research innovatively analyzed the impact mechanism of the three dimensions of agricultural socialization service,namely“technology,finance and policy”,on farmers’willingness and behavior of land scale management.Taking the cotton industry as an example,the research carried out empirical testing and analysis of the survey data collected from 1152 cotton farmers so as to explore the differences in the influence on their willingness and behaviors brought by the three dimensions.The results show that the 10 indicators of technical guidance services have a significant positive influence on the willingness of cotton farmers to land scale management.Only three major technical services,including water-saving irrigation,mechanical harvesting and cotton stalk crushing,have a significant positive influence on the land scale management of cotton farmers.Financial services have a significant positive influence on the willingness of cotton farmers to land scale management,but not on their land scale management behaviors;policy services have no significant influence on cotton farmers’willingness of land scale management,but have a significant positive influence on their behaviors.Among the technical factors,the three major technical services of water-saving irrigation,mechanical harvesting,and cotton stalk crushing have the greatest impact on achieving land scale management of cotton farmers while financial factors have less restrictions;agricultural cooperative organizations and cotton target price subsidy policy obviously constrain the land scale management by cotton farmers.Finally,the research proposed paths to promote the land scale management through developing agricultural socialization services:technological guidance path,organizational innovation path and policy promoting path.

关 键 词：农业社会化服务 土地规模经营 棉花产业 

分 类 号：F327[经济管理—产业经济]