基于同位素的Eckhardt数字滤波法参数季节性动态识别研究  

Seasonal dynamic identification of Eckhardt digital filter parameters based on isotopes

作　　者：王琰[1] 陈耀宇 常虹[1] WANG Yan;CHEN Yaoyu;CHANG Hong(School of Geomatics and Prospecting Engineering,Jilin Jianzhu University,Changchun 130118,Jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林建筑大学测绘与勘查工程学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《水利水电技术（中英文）》2021年第12期99-110,共12页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(42002263)。

摘　　要：基流量的准确确定是水资源利用、水文模型校验、生态需水量和河流自净能力计算等工作的重要基础。然而,基流量难以直接观测,目前常用的Eckhardt数字滤波等方法参数的物理意义并不十分明确,且固定的参数难以刻画基流量的年内和年际动态变化,限制了基流分割结果的精度。以第二松花江流域伊通河上游典型子流域为例,利用更具物理基础的同位素方法分别对流域汛期和融雪期两个关键时段进行基流分割,并利用不同季节分割结果对Eckhardt数字滤波法的参数进行了识别。研究发现,基于同位素结果可以有效识别Eckhardt法参数的季节性动态规律,因此利用参数动态识别后的Eckhardt法可以对流域后续径流过程进行更为准确的分割计算。本研究思路可以在保证基流分割结果精度的基础上,有效降低对监测数据的需求。The accurate determination of base flow is an important basis for water resources utilization, hydrological model verification, ecological water demand and river self-purification capacity calculation. However, it is difficult to directly observe the base flow. The physical meaning of the commonly used Eckhardt digital filter parameters is not very clear, and the fixed parameters are difficult to characterize the annual and interannual dynamic changes of the base flow, which limits the accuracy of the base flow segmentation results. In this study, the typical sub-basins in the upper reaches of the Yitong River in the second Songhua River Basin are taken as an example. The isotope method with a more solid physical basis is used to separate the basic flow in the two key periods of flood and snowmelt season of the basin, and the parameters of the Eckhardt digital filtering method are identified by using the segmentation results in different seasons. It is found that based on the isotope results, the seasonal dynamic law of Eckhardt method parameters can be effectively identified, so the parameter dynamic identified Eckhardt method can be used to calculate the subsequent runoff process of the basin more accurately. Based on this research idea, the demand for monitoring data can be effectively reduced while ensuring the accuracy of base flow segmentation results.

关 键 词：基流分割 同位素法 数字滤波法 汛期 融雪期 

分 类 号：TV121[水利工程—水文学及水资源]