环境因素对青藏高原栽培大麦穗粒数空间分布的影响  

Effect of Environmental Factors on Spatial Distribution of Grain Number per Spike of Cultivated Barley in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

作　　者：田朋佳 王飞标 王建林 廖文华[1] TIAN Pengjia;WANG Feibiao;WANG Jianlin;LIAO Wenhua(Tibet Agriculture Research Institute of Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Lhasa,Tibet 850032,China;Tibet Autonomous Region Association for Science and Technology,Lhasa,Tibet 850000,China;College of Plant Science,Tibet Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry,Linzhi,Tibet 860000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区农牧科学院农业研究所,西藏拉萨850032 [2]西藏自治区科学技术协会,西藏拉萨850000 [3]西藏农牧学院植物科学学院,西藏林芝860000

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2022年第1期120-126,共7页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家作物种质资源库-西藏分库运行服务项目(NCGRC-2021-28);西藏自治区财政专项(XZNKYNYS-2020-C-024);西藏自治区自然科学基金项目(XZ2019ZRG-75(Z));第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究植物多样性可持续利用与评估子课题(2019QZKK0502)。

摘　　要：为了探究环境因素对青藏高原栽培大麦穗粒数的影响,利用121个样点的地理、气候、土壤因子数据,研究了青藏高原栽培大麦穗粒数的分布特征。结果表明:在地理水平方向上,青藏高原栽培大麦穗粒数呈现斑状交错分布的格局,栽培大麦穗粒数的高值主要集中在西藏林芝地区和山南地区,穗粒数的低值主要集中在四川地区;在地理垂直方向上,青藏高原栽培大麦集中分布在海拔3500~4000 m,以海拔2500 m以下的栽培大麦穗粒数最多,随着海拔的升高,栽培大麦穗粒数逐渐增加,在海拔3500~4000 m达到最大值,此后,随着海拔的升高,栽培大麦穗粒数逐渐降低,海拔4500 m以上的穗粒数最少。环境因素对栽培大麦穗粒数的影响表现为土壤速效磷含量>年均降水量>日平均气温≥0℃积温>地理纬度>土壤pH含量>土壤全钾含量>土壤速效氮含量>海拔高度。In order to reveal the effects of environmental factors on grain number per spike(GNS)of barley cultivated on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,the distribution characteristics of GNS of barley cultivated on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were studied using geographical,climatic and soil factors data from 121 samples.The results showed that on the geographical level,the GNS of cultivated barley in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau presented a pattern of patchy and interleaved distribution.The high GNS values of cultivated barley were mainly concentrated in Linzhi and Shannan regions of Tibet,while the low GNS was mainly concentrated in Sichuan.In the vertical direction of geography,the GNS of cultivated barley in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is mainly distributed in the altitude of 3500-4000 m.GNS of cultivated barley is the most in the altitude below 2500 m.With the increase of altitude,GNS of cultivated barley gradually increases,and reaches the maximum at the altitude of 3500-4000 m.Thereafter,GNS of cultivated barley gradually decreases with the increase of altitude.GNS reaches the minimum when the altitude is above 4500 m.The environmental factors affecting cultivated barley GNS ranked as soil available phosphorus content>annual precipitation>daily average temperature≥0℃accumulated temperature>geographic latitude>soil pH>soil total potassium content>soil available nitrogen content>altitude.

关 键 词：环境因子 大麦 穗粒数 空间分布 青藏高原 

分 类 号：S512.3[农业科学—作物学] S314