增材制造技术在铸造中的应用  

Additive Manufacturing Technology and Its Application to Casting

作　　者：樊自田[1] 杨力[1] 唐世艳 FAN Zi-tian;YANG Li;TANG Shi-yan(State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology,School of Materials Science and Engineer,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学材料科学与工程学院,材料成形与模具技术国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《铸造》2022年第1期1-16,共16页Foundry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(59635040);国家自然科学基金面上项目(51775204,51375190);国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFB2008300,2020YFB2008304)。

摘　　要：增材制造技术在铸造中的应用是增材制造技术应用的主要领域之一。它可在无模具条件下直接制备铸造型(芯)、快速浇注复杂铸件。将增材制造与传统铸造技术相结合,打破了传统铸造工艺束缚,提高了铸造柔性,改善了铸造环境;可实现零件“自由铸造”,极大减少加工工序,缩短制造周期。本文概述了增材制造技术的基本原理及其国内外发展概况,重点介绍了几种主要的适用于铸造领域的增材制造技术发展现状,包括喷射粘结成形、激光选区烧结成形、光固化成形、分层挤出成形等,最后展望了未来增材制造技术在铸造领域中的发展方向。The application of additive manufacturing technology in casting is one of the main fields of additive manufacturing technology application.Additive manufacturing technology can directly prepare casting molds(cores)with no need of patterns,and quickly cast complex castings.The combination of additive manufacturing and traditional casting technology can break the constraint of traditional casting technology,improve the casting flexibility and ameliorate working environment.Besides,the additive manufacturing promotes realizing“free casting”,greatly simplifying the processing process and shortening the manufacturing cycle.This paper summarizes the basic principle of additive manufacturing technology and its development situation domestic and overseas,mainly focuses on the development status of several main additive manufacturing technologies applicable to the casting field,including three-dimensional printing,selective laser sintering,stereolithography,layered extrusion forming,etc.Finally,the future development direction of additive manufacturing technology in casting field is prospected.

关 键 词：增材制造 快速成形 3D打印 铸造工艺 快速铸造 

分 类 号：TG24[金属学及工艺—铸造]