浅谈对催化裂化反再系统结焦的认识  

Coking of Reaction and Regeneration System in Catalytic Cracking Unit

作　　者：刘初春 张芳华 范文军 齐恒山 樊继磊 Liu Chuchun;Zhang Fanghua;Fan Wenjun;Qi Hengshan;Fan Jilei(Dalian West Pacific Petrochemical Co.,Ltd.,Dalian Liaoning 116600)

机构地区：[1]大连西太平洋石油化工有限公司,辽宁大连116600

出　　处：《中外能源》2022年第1期69-74,共6页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：结合A厂消除提升管、沉降器、油气线结焦的工程实践及行业内多种类型催化裂化装置提升管反应器、沉降器、大油气线结焦及防治经验,认为进料雾化及油剂混合极其重要,后部结焦是由前部引发的,进料喷嘴雾化效果不佳和进料段油剂混合不足导致反应不充分是提升管、沉降器、大油气线结焦的根源。进料雾化、混合效果差,部分油气不能与催化剂接触并扩散,就无法高质量完成催化裂化反应,这部分油气在高温下主要发生热裂解反应,热裂解反应缩合产生的焦炭就可能与催化剂混合沉积在可积聚的地方而变成硬焦。解决系统结焦的根本措施是研发应用可靠高效的进料喷嘴及改进进料混合段技术。强化原料雾化使原料与催化剂良好接触,有利于提高催化裂化反应的质量,进料喷嘴的雾化质量和预提升段催化剂流场共同构成进料混合效果。Combined with the engineering practice of eliminating the coking of riser,settler and oil-gas line in Refinery A and the coking and prevention experience of riser reactor,settler,large oil-gas line of various types of catalytic cracking units in the industry,it is believed that feed atomization and oil-catalyst mixing are extremely important.The coking at the rear of system is triggered by the coking at the front of system.It is considered that the coking of riser reactor,settler and large oil-gas line is mainly due to the insufficient catalytic reaction caused by the poor atomization effect of feed nozzle and the insufficient mixing of oil and catalysts in feed zone.With poor feed atomization and mixing effect,part of the oil and gas cannot contact with the catalysts and diffuse,so that high quality catalytic cracking reaction cannot be completed.This part of oil and gas mainly undergoes pyrolysis reaction at high temperature,and the coke produced in the pyrolysis reaction may be mixed with the catalysts and deposited in places where it can accumulate and become hard coke.The fundamental measures to solve the coking problem of system are to develop and apply reliable and efficient feed nozzle and improve feed mixing section technology.Strengthening raw material atomization enables the good contact of raw material with catalysts,which is conducive to the quality of catalytic cracking reaction.The atomization quality of feed nozzle and the catalyst flow field in pre-lifting section together contribute to the feed mixing effect.

关 键 词：未反应重馏分 结焦机理 进料雾化混合 

分 类 号：TE96[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]