糖尿病治疗药物调控肠道微生态及肠降糖激素的研究状况  

The roles of anti-diabetic drugs in regulating intestinal microecology and gut hormones

作　　者：纪文明 刘泉[1,2,3] 刘率男 申竹芳[1,2,3] JI Wen-ming;LIU Quan;LIU Shuai-nan;SHEN Zhu-fang(Institute of Materia Medica,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100050,China;State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines,Beijing 100050,China;Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院、北京协和医学院药物研究所,北京100050 [2]天然活性物质与功能国家重点实验室,北京100050 [3]中国医学科学院糖尿病研究中心,北京100050

出　　处：《中国临床药理学杂志》2022年第2期180-184,共5页The Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81973379);北京市自然科学基金资助项目(7202137)。

摘　　要：糖尿病一种以血糖升高、胰岛功能降低为主要特征的慢性代谢性疾病。肠道微生态系统参与调节食物及药物的吸收、分布、代谢和排泄过程。在糖尿病的发病进程中,也常常伴随着肠道微环境和肠降糖激素分泌的改变。本文首先根据作用机制与特点的不同,对现已上市的糖尿病治疗药物进行分类汇总。其次阐述肠道菌群和肠降糖激素与糖尿病病理进程的相关性研究,并进一步探讨两者参与糖尿病进程的调控机制,明确其所涉及的代谢物和相关激素。进而综述现已报道的各类糖尿病治疗药物对肠道微生态和肠降糖激素的具体影响,明确其对肠道菌群及肠降糖激素分泌功能的调节机制,并简要阐述部分相关降糖药物可能产生的不良反应以及临床用药禁忌,倡导建立精准给药方案。最后,指出目前国内在肠道微生态方面研究的不足以及今后的研究发展方向,以期进一步加深对糖尿病治疗药物在肠道微生态和肠降糖激素改善作用方面的理解,拓宽对临床各类降糖药物作用机制的新认知,为糖尿病的临床用药方案优化提供新启示。Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose and impaired islet function. Gut microbiota is an important part of human microecosystem, which regulates the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion(ADME) of nutrients and drugs in vivo. Studies have indicated that gut microbiota played a critical role in many diseases, especially metabolic disorder. This review firstly classifies and summarizes the listed antidiabetic drugs according to the pharmacological mechanisms and characteristics. Then discussed the relationship between intestinal microflora and intestinal hypoglycemic hormone and the pathological process of diabetes mellitus, and identified the regulatory mechanism and related metabolites and hormones. Further, we reviewed the specific effects of various antidiabetic drugs on intestinal microecology and intestinal hypoglycemic hormone, clarifying its regulation mechanism and briefly describing the possible adverse reactions. Finally, by comparing the research in the field of intestinal microecology at home and abroad, pointing out the deficiencies in this field and the development direction in the future. In a word, we aim to broaden new cognition on antidiabetic drugs and provide a newperspective for the therapy of diabetes mellitus.

关 键 词：糖尿病 降糖药物 肠道菌群 肠道激素 

分 类 号：R97[医药卫生—药品]