地理学视角下地理信息的分类与描述  

Classification and Description of Geographic Information from the Perspective of Geography

作　　者：俞肇元[1,2,3] 袁林旺 吴明光[1,2,3] 周良辰 罗文[1,2,3] 张雪英 闾国年[1,2,3] YU Zhaoyuan;YUAN Linwang;WU Mingguang;ZHOU Liangchen;LUO Wen;ZHANG Xueying;LV Guonian(School of Geography Science,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application,Nanjing 210023,China;Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment,Nanjing Normal University,Ministry of Education,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京210023 [2]江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心,南京210023 [3]南京师范大学虚拟地理环境教育部重点实验室,南京210023

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2022年第1期17-24,共8页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41930104、41930648、41971404)。

摘　　要：地理学是一门研究各种地理要素的时空分布、演化过程,以及相互作用机制的综合性学科。随着现实世界从二元空间向三元世界的演进,对地理信息内涵的理解、表达和挖掘亟待进一步加深与扩展。现有以"位置+几何+属性"的地理信息表达模式难以支撑各种地理要素及其规律的表达。本文从地理学视角出发,立足三元世界理念,梳理了信息要素及其转变成地理信息的过程,形成了以时间、地点、人物、事物、事件、现象和场景"七要素"的信息表达体系,并从地理语义、空间位置、几何形态、属性特性、要素关系、演化过程、作用机制7个地理维度上对其进行解读。实现了地理学视角下对地理信息内涵的全方位分类和描述,为面向地理学综合集成研究的地理信息多维描述与计算分析提供理论支撑。Geography is a comprehensive discipline that studies the spatial-temporal pattern, evolution process,and interaction mechanism of various geographic elements. With the evolution of the real world from binary space to the ternary world, it is urgent to deepen and expand the understanding, expression, and mining of geographic information connotation. The existing geographic information expression model of "location +geometry + attributes" is difficult to support the expression of various geographic elements and their laws. From the perspective of geography, based on the concept of the ternary world, we sort out the information elements and the process of their transformation into geographical information and form an information expression system with the "seven elements" of time, place, character, object, event, phenomenon, and scene, and from the geography "seven dimensions" perspective of semantic, spatial location, geometric structure, attribute,interrelationship, evolution process, mechanism of effect to interpret. It realizes the all-around classification and description of the connotation of geographic information from the perspective of geography and provides theoretical support for the multidimensional description and computational analysis of geographic information for comprehensive and integrated research in geography.

关 键 词：地理信息 三元世界 信息要素 地理描述维度 地理信息分类 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]