不同外部热源及气压对软包装锂离子电池热失控影响  

Influence of different external heat power and air pressure on thermal runaway of pouch lithium-ion batteries

作　　者：陈现涛 赵一帆 张旭 孙强 CHEN Xian-tao;ZHAO Yi-fan;ZHANG Xu;SUN Qiang(College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering,Civil Aviation Flight University of China,Sichuan Guanghan 618307,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民用航空飞行学院民航安全工程学院,四川广汉618307

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2022年第1期15-20,共6页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0809500)。

摘　　要：开展不同低压环境(90、70、50 kPa)下的锂离子电池热失控实验,分别使用加热板、辐射环和辐射板搭建3个锂离子电池热失控实验平台。改变加热条件,观察软包装锂离子电池在低压下热失控火行为、温度变化、热释放速率、总释热量、耗氧量和CO_(2)生成量的变化情况。压力的降低会使得锂离子电池在燃烧阶段氧气不充足,电池内部可燃物质与氧气的燃烧反应不充分,导致电池表面峰值温度、热释放速率、总释热量和耗氧量均降低,热失控时间点向后延迟。不同外部热源作用下电池热失控或行为有差异;以辐射环作为外部热源时,电池整体受热,内部副反应速率更快,相比于加热板组和辐射板组会更早发生热失控。90 kPa压力下,辐射板组的CO_(2)体积最大,为2.7437%,表明其燃烧反应更彻底,热危害性更强。Thermal runaway experiments of lithium-ion batteries in different low-pressure environments(90,70 kPa and 50 kPa)were carried out,and three lithium-ion battery thermal runaway experimental platforms were built using heating plates,radiant rings and radiant plates.Change the heating conditions and observe the thermal runaway fire behavior,temperature changes,heat release rate,total heat release,oxygen consumption and CO_(2)generation changes of the pouch package lithiumion battery under low pressure.The decrease in pressure would cause insufficient oxygen in the combustion phase of the lithium-ion battery,resulting in insufficient combustion reaction between combustible substances and oxygen in the battery,resulting in a decrease in the peak temperature of the battery surface,heat release rate,total heat release and oxygen consumption,and thermal runaway.The time point was delayed backward.The thermal runaway or behavior of the battery was different under the action of different external heat sources.When the radiant ring was used as the external heat source,the battery is heated as a whole,and the internal side reaction rate is faster,and thermal runaway would occur earlier than the heating plate group and the radiating plate group.Under the pressure of 90 kPa,the CO_(2)volume of the radiant panel group is the largest,2.7437%,indicating that the combustion reaction was more thorough and the thermal hazard was stronger.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 热失控 低压环境 外部热源 

分 类 号：X924.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TM911[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]