二甲酸钾和月桂酸对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及血脂代谢的影响  

Effects of Potassium Diformate and Lauric Acid on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance and Serum Lipid Metabolism of Broilers

作　　者：林颖 翟俊磊 闵遥 谢秋萍[2] 王长康[1] 高玉云[1] LIN Ying;ZHAI Junlei;MIN Yao;XIE Qiuping;WANG Changkang;GAO Yuyun(College of Animal Science,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fujian Fuzhou 350002,China;Green Food Development Center of Fujian Province,Fujian Fuzhou 350000,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学动物科学学院,福建福州350002 [2]福建省绿色食品发展中心,福建福州350000

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2021年第12期228-233,共6页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31802079);福建省家禽产业体系岗位专家(K83139297、2019-2022)。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究饲粮中添加二甲酸钾和月桂酸对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和血脂代谢指标的影响。选取240羽体重(41.88±2.57)g、1日龄的爱拔益加肉公鸡,分为4个试验组,即空白组(基础饲粮)、抗生素组(基础饲粮+400 mg/kg杆菌肽锌)、二甲酸钾组(基础饲粮+1000 mg/kg二甲酸钾)、月桂酸组(基础饲粮+500 mg/kg月桂酸),每组5个重复,每个重复12羽。试验期共42 d。结果表明:1~21日龄,各处理组平均日采食量和耗料增重比无显著差异,空白组、抗生素组和二甲酸钾组平均日增重低于月桂酸组(P<0.05);22~42日龄和1~42日龄,抗生素组、二甲酸钾组和月桂酸组平均日采食量和平均日增重均高于空白组(P<0.05),二甲酸钾组和抗生素组耗料增重比低于空白组(P<0.05);抗生素组胸肌率高于空白组(P<0.05),抗生素组和二甲酸钾组腿肌率高于空白组和月桂酸组(P<0.05),但各处理组屠宰率、半净膛率和全净膛率无显著差异;与空白组相比,二甲酸钾组可降低21日龄肉鸡血清总胆固醇含量(P<0.05),提高42日龄肝脂酶含量(P<0.05);月桂酸组可降低42日龄总胆固醇含量(P<0.05),提高42日龄脂蛋白脂肪酶含量(P<0.05);各组甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇含量在21日龄和42日龄时均无显著差异。由此可见,饲粮中添加1000 mg/kg二甲酸钾和500 mg/kg月桂酸可以改善肉鸡的生长性能和血脂代谢,饲粮中添加二甲酸钾可提高腿肌率,但添加月桂酸对肉鸡屠宰性能无显著影响。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of potassium diformate and lauric acid on growth performance,slaughter performance and serum lipid metabolism of broilers.A total of 240 one-day-old male Arbor Acre broilers with body weight(41.88±2.57)g were allotted to four treatments,including control group(basal diet),antibiotics group(control+400 mg/kg bacitracin zinc),potassium diformate group(control+1000 mg/kg potassium diformate),and lauric acid group(control+500 mg/kg lauric acid).Each group consisted of five replicates with twelve birds per replicate.The experiment lasted for 42 days.The results showed as follows:during 1 to 21 days of age,no significant differences in the average daily feed intake(ADFI)and the feed to gain ratio(F/G)were found among groups(P>0.05).The average daily gain(ADG)in the control group,antibiotics group and potassium diformate group were significantly lower than that of the lauric acid group(P<0.05).During 22 to 42 days of age and 1 to 42 days of age,the ADFI and ADG in the antibiotics group,potassium diformate group and lauric acid group were significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),while the feed to gain ratio in the potassium diformate group and antibiotics group were significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).The breast meat percentage in the antibiotics group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The thigh meat percentage in the antibiotics group and potassium diformate group were significantly higher than that of the control group and lauric acid group(P<0.05),while there were no significant effects in the dressing percentage,semi-eviscerated percentage and eviscerated percentage among groups(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,the total cholesterol(TC)was significantly reduced at 21 days of age,while the hepatic lipase(HL)was significantly increased at 42 days of age in the potassium diformate group(P<0.05).The lauric acid group decreased the total cholesterol(TC),while enhanced the lipoprotein lipase(LP

关 键 词：肉鸡 二甲酸钾 月桂酸 生长性能 屠宰性能 血脂代谢 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]