大晶粒UO_(2)燃料芯块性能研究进展  

Research Progress on the Properties of Large Grain Uranium Dioxide Fuel

作　　者：庞华[1] 辛勇[1] 岳慧芳 彭航[1] 蒲曾坪[1] 邱玺 孙志鹏 刘仕超 PANG Hua;XIN Yong;YUE Huifang;PENG Hang;PU Zengping;QIU Xi;SUN Zhipeng;LIU Shichao(Laboratory of Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology,Nuclear Power Institute of China,Chengdu 610213,China)

机构地区：[1]中国核动力研究设计院核反应堆系统设计技术重点实验室,成都610213

出　　处：《材料导报》2022年第4期1-8,共8页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12005213,U20B2013);中核集团“青年英才”项目。

摘　　要：大晶粒UO_(2)芯块相比于传统UO_(2)芯块而言,具有更低的辐照肿胀、更低的裂变气体释放量以及优异的抗芯块-包壳相互作用的能力。大晶粒UO_(2)芯块作为高燃耗、长换料周期新型燃料具有很大的应用潜力,近年来受到越来越多的关注。国内外学者针对大晶粒UO_(2)芯块开展了大量的研究,包括芯块的微观结构、烧结特性以及辐照行为等,结果表明,大晶粒UO_(2)芯块在高燃耗和长换料周期条件下表现出优异的堆内性能,在提高压水堆核电站的经济性的同时,可以有效提高其安全性。近年来,研究人员针对大晶粒UO_(2)芯块在欧洲、美国、俄罗斯和中国等国开展了大量的堆内辐照考验,考验的环境包括压水堆、沸水堆和高温堆等。对大晶粒UO_(2)芯块堆内、外性能的相关研究,为芯块制备、堆内性能预测、反应堆燃料元件设计以及燃料元件工业化生产提供了支撑。本文根据国内外关于大晶粒UO_(2)燃料芯块的研究进展,系统总结了大晶粒UO_(2)芯块微观结构、堆外热-力学性能、大晶粒UO_(2)芯块堆内行为,介绍了不同掺杂类型大晶粒UO_(2)芯块的性能,分析了大晶粒UO_(2)燃料元件行为,并指出了大晶粒UO_(2)芯块应用所面临的问题。Large grain uranium dioxide possessed much lower irradiation swelling and amount of fission gas release,much more excellent resist ability to the pellet and cladding interaction than the traditional UO_(2) pellet.Large grain UO_(2) pellet is a kind of new fuel with great application potential for high burn up and long reloading reactor,which has attracted more and more attention in recent years.Lots of studies on the properties of large grain UO_(2) pellet have been conducted,including microstructure,sintering properties and irradiation behavior.The research result indicates that large grain UO_(2) pellet exhibited more excellent in-pile performance than traditional ones under high burn-up and long reloading cycle,thus the application of large grain UO_(2) pellet can improve the safety and economy of the reactor.Irradiation tests have been conducted in European,American,Russia and other countries,and the testing environments include the boiling water reactor(BWR),pressure water reactor(PWR)and high temperature reactor(HTR).The research on the in-pile and out-pile properties of large grain UO_(2) pellet offered the basics for the fabrication,in-pile performance prediction,fuel element design and commercial process.In this paper,the microstructure,out-pile thermal-mechanical properties,in-pile performance of large grain UO_(2) pellets were summarized based on the research at home and abroad.The properties of large grain UO_(2) pellet with different additives were also introduced.Furthermore,the performance of large grain UO_(2) fuel element was analyzed and the application problem was pointed out.

关 键 词：大晶粒二氧化铀 堆内性能 力学性能 微观结构 

分 类 号：TL35[核科学技术—核技术及应用]