铅阳极泥真空氧化−气化挥发脱除As、Sb和Te  

Arsenic,antimony and tellurium removal from lead anode slime by vacuum oxidation-gasification volatilization

作　　者：伊家飞 程珂珂 查国正 范凯 孔祥峰[1,2,3] 杨斌[1,2,3] 刘大春[1,2,3] 徐宝强[1,2,3] YI Jia-fei;CHENG Ke-ke;ZHA Guo-zheng;FAN Kai;KONG Xiang-feng;YANG Bin;LIU Da-chun;XU Bao-qiang(National Engineering Laboratory of Vacuum Metallurgy,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Faulty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学真空冶金国家工程实验室,昆明650093 [2]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,昆明650093 [3]昆明理工大学复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室,昆明650093

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2022年第1期251-261,共11页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52004115);云南省基础研究计划项目(202001AU070045);云南省科学研究基金资助项目(2020J0069);昆明理工大学高层次人才建设项目(KKZ7201952006);昆明理工大学分析测试基金项目(2020T20180050,2020P20191102020,2020M20192228015)。

摘　　要：铅阳极泥中含大量有害元素As、Sb和Te,为了绿色高效脱除这三种元素,本研究提出“铅阳极泥真空氧化−气化挥发脱砷锑碲”创新工艺。以废铅膏碳酸化脱硫产物450℃温度下煅烧9 h所得Pb_(3)O_(4)为氧化剂,对铅阳极泥进行真空氧化−气化挥发脱砷锑碲实验,考察真空氧化温度、氧化时间、真空气化温度、气化时间对铅阳极泥中砷锑碲脱除效果的影响。在铅阳极泥与氧化剂质量比为1:1、炉内压强5~10 Pa、升温速率为30 K/min、真空氧化温度为748 K、氧化时间为90 min、真空气化温度为1123 K、气化时间90 min的实验条件下,As、Sb和Te的脱除率分别为96.84%、94.21%和99.93%。元素As、Sb和Te以单质和低价氧化物形式进入挥发物中,贵金属Ag、Au在该过程中无损失,实现了砷锑碲的高效脱除。Lead anode slime(LAS)contains amount of harmful elements As,Sb,and Te.In order to remove these three elements green and efficiently,an innovative process of“vacuum oxidation-gasification volatilization arsenic antimony tellurium”was proposed.Lead trioxide(Pb_(3)O_(4))obtained by calcination of waste lead paste carbonation desulfurization product at 450℃for 9 h was used as oxidant to remove As,Sb,and Te from LAS.The effects of vacuum oxidation temperature,oxidation time,gasification temperature and gasification time on the removal of As,Sb,and Te from LAS were investigated.The results show that the removal rates of As,Sb and Te are 96.84%,94.21%and 99.93%,respectively,under the following conditions of mass ratio of lead anode slime to oxidant 1:1,system pressure 5−10 Pa,heating rate 30 K/min,vacuum oxidation temperature 748 K,oxidation time 90 min,vacuum gasification temperature 1123 K and gasification holding time 90 min.The elements As,Sb and Te enter the volatiles in the form of elemental and low valent oxides,and the precious metals Ag and Au do not lose in this process,which realizes the efficient removal of As,Sb and Te.

关 键 词：铅阳极泥 砷 锑 碲 选择性氧化 脱除 绿色高效 

分 类 号：TF813[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]