氮密互作对嫩单23产量及干物质积累特性的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Application and Density Interaction on Yield and Dry Matter Accumulation Characteristics of Nendan 23

作　　者：周超[1] 王俊强[1] 韩业辉[1] 许健[1] 马宝新[1] 孙善文[1] 董扬[1] 丁昕颖 ZHOU Chao;WANG Jun-qiang;HAN Ye-hui;XU Jian;MA Bao-xin;SUN Shan-wen;DONG Yang;DING Xin-ying(Qiqihar Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar 161000,China;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar 161000,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161000 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧兽医分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161000

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2022年第2期6-9,13,共5页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-02-38)。

摘　　要：为促进齐齐哈尔地区春玉米高产栽培,于2020-2021年进行两年田间试验,以玉米新品种嫩单23为试验材料,设置4个施氮量,即0(N0)、120 kg·hm^(-2)(N1)、240 kg·hm^(-2)(N2)、360 kg·hm^(-2)(N3);3个种植密度,即52500株·hm^(-2)(M1)、60000株·hm^(-2)(M2)和67500株·hm^(-2)(M3),研究不同施氮量和种植密度组合对嫩单23单株及群体干物质积累特性、产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明:同一种植密度条件下,氮肥施用水平对千粒重、穗粒数、产量、花后单株干物质积累量、花后群体干物质积累量影响显著;随着种植密度的增加,同一施肥水平下嫩单23的千粒重和穗粒数呈降低趋势。说明根据嫩单23的品种特征特性,合理地增加种植密度、减少氮肥的施用量,协调群体的光能及养分的利用效率,进而可以获得更高的产量。研究表明玉米品种嫩单23的适宜种植密度为67500株·hm^(-2),最佳施氮量为240 kg·hm^(-2)。In order to promote the high-yield cultivation of spring maize in Qiqihar area,a two-year field experiment was carried out from 2020 to 2021.The new maize variety Nendan 23 was used as the test material,and 4 nitrogen application rates were set,namely 0(N0),120 kg·ha^(-1)(N1),240 kg·ha^(-1)(N2),and 360 kg·ha^(-1)(N3);3 planting densities,namely 52500 plants·ha^(-1)(M1),60000 plants·ha^(-1)(M2)and 67500 plants·ha^(-1)(M3),to study the effects of different combinations of nitrogen application rate and planting density on the dry matter accumulation characteristics,yield and component factors of Nendan 23 individual plants and populations.The results showed that under the same planting density,the level of nitrogen fertilizer application had significant effects on 1000-grain weight,grain number per ear,yield,dry matter accumulation per plant after anthesis,and dry matter accumulation of the population after anthesis;with the increase of planting density,under the same fertilization level,the 1000-grain weight and the number of grains per spike of Nendan 23 showed a decreasing trend.Therefore,according to the characteristics of the Nendan 23 variety,reasonably increased the planting density,reduced the amount of nitrogen fertilizer,coordinate the light energy and nutrient utilization efficiency of the population,and obtain higher yields.In conclusion,the suitable planting density of the maize variety Nendan 23 was 67500 plants·ha^(-1),and the optimal nitrogen application rate was 240 kg·ha^(-1).

关 键 词：氮密互作 春玉米 产量 干物质积累特性 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]