我国体育健身产业政策变迁的回顾与展望--基于新制度经济学的视角  

Reviewing and Looking Forward to the Policy Changes of China's Sports and Fitness Industry:From the Perspective of New Institutional Economics

作　　者：周进国 ZHOU Jinguo(School of Physical Education,Hanshan Normal University,Chaozhou Guangdong,521041)

机构地区：[1]韩山师范学院体育学院,广东潮州521041

出　　处：《湖北体育科技》2022年第1期1-5,46,共6页Hubei Sports Science

基　　金：广东省教育厅创新强校工程专项资金项目资助(2015WTSCX065)。

摘　　要：《体育强国建设纲要》的颁布不仅强化了体育健身产业的重要地位,而且对其制度建设提出了更高的要求。政策是当前我国体育健身产业制度的主要内容。运用文献研究法对20世纪90年代以来我国体育健身产业政策变迁进行了回顾,可分为4个阶段:一是规范管理与培育扶持(1994~2000年),二是引导消费与鼓励投资(2001~2010年),三是制定标准与打造精品(2011~2015年),四是加强监管与创新发展(2016~2020年)。基于新制度经济学的视角分析了我国体育健身产业政策的总体特征,主要体现在渐进演变性、促进扶持性、引导规划性。结合我国体育健身产业发展现状及趋势,对政策变迁方向进行了展望,包括强化市场监管,达到监管与促进的有机结合;细化制度内容,做到弹性与刚性的有机结合;扩大参与主体,实现政府与社会的博弈均衡。The promulgation of“Outline for Building a Leading Sports Nation”not only reinforces the important status of the sports and fitness industry,but also places higher demands on its institutional development.Policy is the main element of the current system of China's sports and fitness industry.A review of the policy changes in China's sports and fitness industry since the 1990s using the literature research method can be divided into four stages,firstly,regulating management and fostering support(1994 to 2000),secondly,guiding consumption and encouraging investment(2001 to 2010),thirdly,setting standards and creating high-quality products(2011 to 2015),and fourthly,strengthening regulation and innovative development(2016 to 2020).Based on the perspective of new institutional economics,the general characteristics of China's sports and fitness industry policies are analysed,mainly in terms of gradual evolution,promotion and support,and guidance and planning.Combining the current situation and trends of the development of China's sports and fitness industry,an outlook on the direction of policy change is provided,including strengthening market supervision to achieve an organic combination of regulation and promotion;refining the content of the system to achieve an organic combination of flexibility and rigidity;and expanding the participating subjects to achieve a balanced game between the government and society.

关 键 词：体育健身产业 制度 政策 新制度经济学 体育产业 

分 类 号：G812[文化科学—体育学]