新型冠状病毒肺炎院外医疗转运特点分析  

Characteristic analysis of COVID-19 in pre-hospital medical transport

作　　者：陈志[1] 聂冬妮 张文中[1] 王小刚[1] 孙粤 田力 赵晔[1] 尹宝荣[1] 吴乐林[1] CHEN Zhi;NIE Dongni;ZHANG Wenzhong;WANG Xiaogang;SUN Yue;TIAN Li;ZHAO Ye;YIN Baorong;WU Le-lin(Beijing Emergency Medical Center,Beijing 100031,China)

机构地区：[1]北京急救中心培训中心,北京100031

出　　处：《中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志》2022年第1期8-11,共4页China Journal of Emergency Resuscitation and Disaster Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)患者院外医疗转运的临床特点。方法对2020年1月20日0时—2月27日0时期间北京急救中心防控转运组转运新冠肺炎疫情相关任务的出车数据进行统计和回顾性分析。结果从2020年1月20日0时—2月27日0时29 d内北京急救中心防控转运组总出车数为556次,按任务类别和占比依次为:确诊病例236次(42.45%)、疑似病例39次(7.01%)、密切接触者199次(35.79%)、口岸排查29次(5.22%)、来自武汉48次(8.63%)、治愈5次(0.90%)。平均转运时间为59.2 min。按转出地点类别区分,任务数量和占比依次为:医院291次(52.34%)、居住地111次(19.96%)、宾馆旅店59次(10.61%)、公共场所21次(3.78%)、机场36次(6.47%)、火车站30次(5.40%)、其他4次(0.72%)、派出所3次(0.54%)、工作地1次(0.18%)。按接收地点类别区分,任务数量和占比依次为:重症接受医院255次(45.86%)、隔离点144次(25.90%)、发热门诊98次(17.63%)、轻症接受医院50次(8.99%)、其他9次(1.62%)。556例被转运人员中了,男281例(50.54%),女275例(49.46%),中位数年龄为43岁,四分位间距31~58岁。所有被转运人员均安全送达接收地点,经流行病学追踪未发生转送期间新发感染事件。结论被转运人员类别多样化和转出/接收地点多样化是新冠肺炎疫情防控院外转运任务的基本特征。应针对不同人群特点制定适宜的转运方案。有效呼吸支持是院外转运中最重要的医疗措施。Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of pre-hospital emergency medical transport for corona⁃virus disease 2019(COVID-19).Methods From 0 o'clock on January 20 to 0 o'clock on February 27,2020,COVID 19 epidemic related tasks performed by Beijing EMS prevention and control transfer team were statistically and retro⁃spectively analyzed.Results From 0 o'clock on January 20 to 0 o'clock on February 27,2020,within 29 days,the total number of ambulance dispatched by the prevention and control transfer team of Beijing EMS was 556.According to the task categories and proportion,236(42.45%)confirmed cases were transferred,39(7.01%)suspect cases,199(35.79%)close contacts,port quarantine 29(5.22%),48(8.63%)from Wuhan,and 5(0.90%)cured cases.The average transfer time was 59.2 minutes.According to the transfer site categories and proportion,hospital 291(52.34%),resi⁃dence 111(19.96%),hotel 59(10.61%),public places 21(3.78%),airport 36(6.47%),railway station 30(5.40%),other 4(0.72%),police station 3(0.54%),working place 1(0.18%).According to the receiving site categories and proportion,255(45.86%)in intensive care hospitals,144(25.90%)in isolation points,98(17.63%)in fever clinics,50(8.99%)in minimally ill hospitals,and 9(1.62%)in other places.Among 556 cases,281(50.54%)males and 275(49.46%)females,with a median age of 43 and interquartile range of 31~58.All patients were transferred to the receiving sites safely with no new infections occurred during the transport period by epidemiological follow-up.Conclusion The diversifica⁃tion of the categories of transferred patients as well as the diversity of transfer/receiving sites is the basic feature of the pre-hospital transport mission of COVID-19.Appropriate transport schemes should be developed according to the characteristics of different groups.Effective respiratory support is the most important medical measure in pre-hospital transport.

关 键 词：院外急救 新型冠状病毒肺炎 转运 突发公共卫生事件 

分 类 号：R459.7[医药卫生—急诊医学]