孕妇不规则抗体阳性与胎儿新生儿溶血病的相关性分析  

Analysis of correlation between irregular antibody positive of pregnant women and fetal hemolytic disease of newborn

作　　者：刘小艳[1] 杨珍珍[1] 梁会娟[1] 曹婉莹 刘莹[1] LIU Xiaoyan;YANG Zhenzhen;LIANG Huijuan;CAO Wanying;LIU Ying(Blood Transfusion Department,Baoji Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Baoji 721000,China)

机构地区：[1]宝鸡市妇幼保健院输血科,陕西宝鸡721000

出　　处：《临床医学研究与实践》2022年第3期5-7,共3页Clinical Research and Practice

基　　金：宝鸡市科技计划项目(No.16SFGG3-16)。

摘　　要：目的研究孕妇不规则抗体阳性与胎儿新生儿溶血病(HDN)的相关性。方法选择在我院产科进行产前血型不规则抗体筛查的9885例孕妇。采用微柱凝胶法进行孕妇产前不规则抗体筛查,采用直接抗人球蛋白试验、游离抗体试验和热放散试验判定HDN。观察孕妇不规则抗体阳性检出率及其特异性分布情况;比较不同妊娠情况、生产次数、输血历史的孕妇中不规则抗体的阳性检出率;分析孕妇产前不规则抗体阳性中Ig类型及分布情况。结果不规则抗体阳性筛查中,Rh血型系统的阳性检出率最高(61.11%),MNS血型系统次之。Rh血型中HDN的阳性率为78.79%(26/33)。有妊娠经历、经产及有输血历史孕妇的不规则抗体的阳性检出率均显著高于无妊娠经历、初产及无输血历史的孕妇(P<0.05)。孕妇产前不规则抗体阳性中,其Ig抗体类型以IgG为主。结论孕妇不规则抗体阳性与胎儿HDN之间存在相关性,孕妇产前进行不规则抗体筛查能及时了解其体内抗体情况,这对减少HDN的发生、改善预后意义重大。Objective To study the correlation between irregular antibody positive of pregnant women and fetal hemolytic disease of newborn(HDN).Methods A total of 9885 pregnant women who underwent prenatal irregular blood group antibody screening in the obstetrics department of our hospital were selected.Prenatal irregular antibody screening was performed by microcolumn gel method.HDN was determined by direct anti-human globulin test,free antibody test and heat release test.The positive detection rate and specific distribution of irregular antibody in pregnant women were observed;the positive detection rates of irregular antibodies in pregnant women with different pregnancy conditions,production times and blood transfusion history were compared;the type and distribution of Ig in prenatal irregular antibody positive pregnant women were analyzed.Results In the irregular antibody positive screening,the positive detection rate of Rh blood group system was the highest(61.11%),followed by MNS blood group system.The positive rate of HDN in Rh blood group was 78.79%(26/33).The positive detection rate of irregular antibody in pregnant women with pregnancy experience,labor and blood transfusion history were higher than those in pregnant women without pregnancy experience,delivering for the first time and without blood transfusion history(P<0.05).IgG was the main type of Ig antibody in pregnant women with prenatal irregular antibody positive.Conclusion There is a correlation between irregular antibody positive of pregnant women and fetal HDN.Prenatal irregular antibody screening can timely understand the antibody situation in pregnant women,which is of great significance to reduce the occurrence of HDN and improve the prognosis.

关 键 词：不规则抗体 新生儿溶血病 微柱凝胶法 IGG抗体 

分 类 号：R722.1[医药卫生—儿科]