放射性核素量热计研制  

Development of radionuclide calorimeter

作　　者：刘丽飞[1] 武超 胡石林[1] 吕卫星[1] 任英[1] 尹文续 LIU Lifei;WU Chao;HU Shilin;LYU Weixing;REN Ying;YIN Wenxu(China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing 102413,China)

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413

出　　处：《核技术》2022年第2期45-52,共8页Nuclear Techniques

摘　　要：量热法可实现放射性核素质量的非破坏性直接测量,是核材料计量最为便捷和准确的方法之一。为实现特定包容体尺寸及热功率范围核材料样品的高效测量,设计研制了热流型双杯量热计。通过甄选精密仪表部件,关键温差传感部件的结构优化以及合理选型制作,结合自动化测控方法,解决了量热测量关键技术问题,研制出适用于瓦功率量级的放射性核素量热计。采用电热源样品进行了性能测试,结果显示:所研制量热计在稳态平衡模式下的测量精度优于0.2%;输入功率为30 mW时,测量结果与输入功率偏差小于5%。[Background]Accurate mass measurement of radionuclides can be achieved by calorimetry which is considered to be one of the most convenient and accurate non-destructive analytical methods for nuclear materials.[Purpose]This study aims to develop a radionuclide calorimeter for efficient measurement of radionuclides bearing samples of specially designed container size and power range.[Methods]First of all,a dual-compensated heat-flow calorimeter was designed and developed by precise component instruments selection,structural optimization and reasonable selection and manufacture of key temperature difference sensors.Then,automatic measurement and control method was combined to solve the key technical difficulties of calorimetry.Finally,an electrothermal source sample was adopted to test performance of the developed calorimeter.[Results]Experimental test results show that the measurement precision is within 0.2%in steady-state equilibrium mode.The deviation between measured result and input power is within 5%when the input power is set to 30 mW.[Conclusions]The developed radionuclide calorimeter can be used to measure thermal power at watts magnitude.

关 键 词：量热计 结构设计 平衡模式 性能测试 

分 类 号：TL99[核科学技术—核技术及应用]