中国与贸易强国的差距、根源与出路  

The Gap,Origin and Way Out between China and Trade Powers

作　　者：谭文君 董桂才[2] Tan Wenjun;Dong Guicai

机构地区：[1]安徽建筑大学经济与管理学院 [2]安徽财经大学国际经济贸易学院

出　　处：《宏观经济研究》2021年第12期149-158,共10页Macroeconomics

基　　金：安徽建筑大学2018年度引进人才及博士启动基金项目——人文社科(2018QD29);2020年度安徽省高校人文社会科学研究项目(SK2020A0260);2019年度安徽省高校人文社会科学研究项目(SK2019A0656)的研究成果。

摘　　要：党的十九大报告明确提出推进贸易强国建设的重要任务。贸易强国的静态指标显示,中国在人均出口额、人均高技术产品出口额、人均服务贸易出口额和人均知识产权出口额等指标上与七国集团等贸易强国相比,存在较大差距,尤其是在人均知识产权出口额和人均服务贸易出口额两个指标上差距更大。从变动趋势来看,中国的人均出口额和人均高技术产品出口额与七国集团等贸易强国的差距在不断缩小,但中国的人均服务贸易出口额和人均知识产权出口额与七国集团等贸易强国的差距并未明显缩小。进一步实证研究发现,经济发展水平、创新和技术水平、规模经济、人力资本、市场化程度和外商直接投资对中国贸易强国建设具有显著的促进作用。基于上述研究结论,本文提出通过推动制造业高质量发展、提高创新和技术水平、完善市场机制的对策建议,来推进中国贸易强国建设。The report of the 19 th national congress of the communist party of China clearly puts forward the important task of promoting the building of a strong trading nation.The static indicators of trade powers show that there is a large gap between China and other trade powers such as the group of seven in terms of per capita exports,per capita exports of high-tech products,per capita exports of service trade and per capita exports of intellectual property,especially in terms of per capita exports of intellectual property and per capita exports of service trade.From the change trend,the gap between China’s per capita export volume and per capita export volume of high-tech products and trade powers such as the group of seven is narrowing,but the gap between China’s per capita export volume of service trade and per capita export volume of intellectual property rights and trade powers such as the group of seven is not narrowing significantly.The empirical study found that the level of economic development,innovation and technology,economies of scale,human capital,degree of marketization and foreign direct investment have a significant role in promoting the construction of China’s trade power.Based on the above research conclusions,this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote the construction of China’s trade power by promoting the high-quality development of manufacturing industry,improving innovation and technology level and improving market mechanism.

关 键 词：贸易强国 知识产权出口额 服务贸易出口额 

分 类 号：F752[经济管理—国际贸易]