苦荞重金属富集特征及低积累品种筛选  

Study on Characteristics of Heavy Metal Enrichment and Screening of Tartary Buckwheat Varieties with Low Accumulation of Heavy Metal

作　　者：毛旭 龚思同 舒洁 皮永菲 娄飞 马智黠 钱晓莉[1] 何腾兵[1] 付天岭[1] MAO Xu;GONG Sitong;SHU Jie;PI Yongfei;LOU Fei;MA Zhixia;QIAN Xiaoli;HE Tengbing;FU Tianling(College of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Institute of New Rural Development,and Engineering Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Technology of Guizhou Province in Mountainous Livestock and Poultry,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Chuyang Ecological Environmental Protection Technology co.,LTD,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Weining County Mountain Characteristic Agricultural Science Research Institute,Bijie Guizhou 553100,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学/资源与环境工程学院/新农村发展研究院/贵州省山地畜禽养殖污染控制与资源化技术工程实验室,贵阳550025 [2]贵州雏阳生态环保科技有限公司,贵阳550025 [3]贵州威宁县山地特色农业科学研究院,贵州毕节553100

出　　处：《种子》2022年第1期19-25,共7页Seed

基　　金：贵州省科技厅科技基础条件平台项目(黔科合平台人才[2019]5701号);贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2846号);国家自然科学基金委——贵州省人民政府喀斯特中心项目(U1612442)。

摘　　要：以贵州省威宁县7个当地主栽的苦荞品种(黔黑苦1号、黔苦2~7号)为材料,通过大田试验,研究不同苦荞品种对土壤中镉(Cd)、砷(As)、铅(Pb)、镍(Ni)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)等6种典型有害重金属的富集能力差异,采用内梅罗综合污染指数法评价苦荞受多种重金属污染情况,筛选重金属低积累的苦荞品种。结果表明,苦荞籽粒对重金属的富集能力因元素而异,总体表现出Cd>Zn>Cu>Ni>Pb>As的特征;7个苦荞品种籽粒严重受到Cd元素污染,单项污染指数(P i)在2.19~3.8之间,污染等级均达高污染;苦荞产量主要受到籽粒Pb含量的影响,皮尔逊相关性系数为-0.665,达到强负相关关系,籽粒中Zn与Ni、Cu含量呈显著强正相关关系,皮尔逊相关系数分别为0.775和0.802;黔苦3号为苦荞Cd低积累品种,黔苦7号苦荞为As、Ni和Pb的低积累品种,黔苦5号苦荞为Cu低积累品种,黔苦4号苦荞为Zn低积累品种。In this paper,seven tartary buckwheat varieties including Qianheiku 1,Qianku 2 to 7 planted in Weining County,Guizhou were used as experimental materials to investigate the differences of enrichment capacity of cadmium(Cd),arsenic(As),Lead(Pb),Nickel(Ni),copper(Cu)and zinc(Zn)in soil,and the pollution of tartary buckwheat by various heavy metals was evaluated based on the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index method,and the varieties with low accumulation of heavy metals were screened.The results showed that the enrichment ability of tartary buckwheat grains to heavy metals varied with different elements,and the overall pattern was Cd>Zn>Cu>Ni>Pb>As.The grains of seven tartary buckwheat varieties were seriously polluted by Cd,with the single contamination index(P_(i))ranging from 2.19 to 3.8,and the contamination levels were all high.The yield of tartary buckwheat was mainly affected by the content of Pb in seeds,and the Pearson correlation number was-0.665,which reached a strong negative correlation.There was a significant positive correlation between Zn,Ni and Cu contents in grains,and the Pearson correlation coefficients were 0.775 and 0.802,respectively.Tartary buckwheat 3 was a low accumulation variety of Cd,while tartary buckwheat 7 was a low accumulation variety of As,Ni and Pb.Additionally,tartary buckwheat 5 was a low accumulation variety of Cu,while tartary buckwheat 4 was a low accumulation variety of Zn.

关 键 词：重金属 苦荞品种 低积累 富集 

分 类 号：S53[农业科学—作物学] S517