氢气管道发展与管线钢氢脆挑战  

Development of hydrogen pipelines and hydrogen embrittlement challenges of pipeline steel

作　　者：程玉峰 孙颖昊 张引弟[2] CHENG Yufeng;SUN Yinghao;ZHANG Yindi(Department of Mechanical Engineering,University of Calgary,Calgary T2N 1N4,Alberta,Canada;School of Petroleum Engineering,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,Hubei)

机构地区：[1]加拿大卡尔加里大学机械工程系,卡尔加里阿尔伯塔T2N 1N4 [2]长江大学石油工程学院,湖北武汉430100

出　　处：《长江大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第1期54-69,共16页Journal of Yangtze University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：加拿大自然科学基金创新基金“天然气管道腐蚀与开裂多维耦合评价体系”(RGPIN-2020-04050);长江大学“长江人才计划”领军人才;长江青年科技创新团队基金(2015cqt01)。

摘　　要：作为一种绿色、清洁的燃料(或能源载体),氢在实现净零排放目标上将发挥重要作用。在建设以氢能为基础的规模经济中,氢的高效、安全运输是关键的一环。氢的管道运输具有运载量大、效率高、经济实惠等优势,如果能够利用现有天然气管网实现氢的运输,则可以进一步降低成本,促进氢的规模经济的发展,但高压氢气管道或天然气/氢气混输管道存在氢脆失效的风险。阐述了氢能与氢经济发展的背景以及管道运输的巨大意义,讨论了氢气管道发生氢脆的热力学条件、氢的渗透与扩散行为、氢致失效的机理和失效形式等,证明了管线钢在管输条件下氢分子发生解离吸附的热力学可行性,分析了氢气管道存在发生氢脆或其他氢致失效形式的风险。当前,氢气管道发生氢致失效的研究具有相当大的发展空间,进一步的研究将主要集中在原子尺度测量与计算模拟方面。Hydrogen,as a green and clean fuel(or energy carrier),will play a critical role in achieving the target of net-zero emissions.Effective and safe transportation of hydrogen is important to the development of hydrogen-based scale economy.Hydrogen pipeline transportation has the advantages of large carrying capacity,high efficiency andeconomic benefits.If the existing natural gas pipeline network can be utilized to transport hydrogen,the cost can be further reduced and economies of scale can be promoted.However,there is a risk of hydrogen embrittlement failure in high-pressure hydrogen pipelines or natural gas/hydrogen blending pipelines.In this work,the development background of hydrogen energy and hydrogen economy and the great significance of pipeline transportation were expounded.The thermodynamic conditions of hydrogen embrittlement in hydrogen pipelines,hydrogen permeation and diffusion behavior,hydrogen induced failure mechanism and failure forms were discussed.The thermodynamic feasibility of hydrogendissociation and adsorption in pipeline steel during pipeline transportation was proved,and the risk of hydrogenembrittlement or other hydrogen-induced failure modes in hydrogen pipeline was analyzed.At present,the study of hydrogen induced failure of hydrogen pipelines has a considerable space for development,and further research willfocus on atomic scale measurement and computational simulation.

关 键 词：管道 氢气运输 解离吸附 氢脆 氢致失效 

分 类 号：TQ116.2[化学工程—无机化工] TQ022.115