牛至提取物替代饲用抗生素对肉鸡屠宰性能和免疫机能的影响  

Effect of Oregano Essential Oil Replacing Antibiotics on Slaughter Performance and Immunity of Broiler Chickens

作　　者：刘晏榕 张丽元 郭永鹏 彭青云[3] 马秋刚 张建云 计成 赵丽红 LIU Yanrong;ZHANG Liyuan;GUO Yongpeng;PENG Qingyun;MA Qiugang;ZHANG Jianyun;JI Cheng;ZHAO Lihong(State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Henan Agricultural Foreign Economic Cooperation Center,Henan Zhengzhou 450003,China;Kemin Industries(Zhuhai)Co.,Ltd.,Guangdong Zhuhai 519040,China)

机构地区：[1]动物营养学国家重点实验室,中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,北京100193 [2]河南省农业对外经济合作中心,河南郑州450003 [3]建明工业(珠海)有限公司,广东珠海519040

出　　处：《饲料工业》2022年第2期8-12,共5页Feed Industry

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目[2017YFE0129900、2018YFD0500600]。

摘　　要：为探究牛至提取物替代饲用抗生素对肉仔鸡屠宰性能和免疫机能的影响,选用384只1日龄AA肉仔鸡,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复16只鸡。空白对照组饲喂基础饲粮,抗生素对照组饲喂基础饲粮+20 mg/kg硫酸黏菌素+20 mg/kg维吉尼亚霉素,2个试验组分别饲喂基础饲粮+200 mg/kg天然牛至提取物或200 mg/kg合成牛至提取物,试验期为42 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,饲粮中添加天然或合成牛至提取物对肉鸡屠宰性能和免疫器官指数无显著影响(P>0.05)。与空白对照组相比,饲粮中添加天然或合成牛至提取物显著提高肉鸡血清中免疫球蛋白IgA、IgM、IgG、补体C3和补体C4含量(P<0.05);与饲粮中添加抗生素相比,饲料中添加合成牛至提取物显著提高血清IgM含量(P<0.05),饲料中添加天然牛至提取物显著提高血清补体C4含量(P<0.05);与空白对照组相比,饲粮中添加天然或合成牛至提取物显著提高21 d肉鸡T淋巴细胞转化率及42 d肉鸡T淋巴细胞转化率和B淋巴细胞转化率(P<0.05)。综上可知,200 mg/kg牛至提取物替代饲用抗生素可以提高肉鸡血清免疫性能并促进外周血淋巴细胞转化,且天然牛至提取物和合成牛至提取物在提高肉鸡免疫性能方面的作用效果相似。In order to study the effect of oregano essential oil replacing dietary antibiotics on slaughter performance and immunity of broilers,384 healthy one-day-old broiler chickens with similar body weight were randomly divided into four groups,with six replicates in each group and 16 broiler chickens in each replicate.The blank control group was fed with basal diet,the antibiotic control group was fed with basie diet and 20 mg/kg colistin sulfate and 20 mg/kg virginiamycin supplemented,and the two experimental groups were added with 200 mg/kg natural oregano essential oil and synthetic oregano essential oil respectively.The test period was 42 days.The results showed that compared with the control group,slaughter performance and immunity organ indexes of the experimental groups with natural oregano essential oil and synthetic oregano essential oil addition wereunchanged(P>0.05).Adding natural oregano es-sential oil or synthetic oregano essential oil couldsignificantly increase the contents of immune glob-ulin IgA,IgM,IgG,complement C3 and C4 in theserum of broiler chickens compared with theblank control group(P<0.05).The content of immune globulin IgM in synthetic oregano essential oil group was significantly higher than that in antibioticgroup(P<0.05),and the content of complement C4 in natural oregano essential oil group was significantlyhigher than that in antibiotic group(P<0.05).Dietary supplementation of natural oregano essential oil orsynthetic oregano essential oil could increase the transformation ratio of T-cell on day 21 and the transfor-mation ratio of T-cell and B-cell on day 42(P<0.05).The data indicated that 200 mg/kg oregano essential oil replacing feed antibiotics improve serum immune function and promote the transformation of peripheral blood lymphocytes of broiler chickens.There was in addition,a similar effect of natural and syn-thetic oregano essential oil on improvement of immune function of broiler chickens,laying a strong foundation for the subsequent application of oregano essential oil in broi

关 键 词：肉仔鸡 牛至提取物 屠宰性能 免疫机能 外周血淋巴细胞转化率 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]