长江流域新育成春大豆品系主要农艺性状研究  

Analysis of Main Agronomic Characters of Newly Bred Spring Soybean Lines in the Yangtze River Valley

作　　者：阳小凤[1] 黄山[1] 唐文军 李小红[1] 姜玲 马淑梅[1] YANG Xiaofeng;HUANG Shan;TANG Wenjun;LI Xiaohong;JIANG Ling;MA Shumei(Hunan Crop Research Institute,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省作物研究所,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《作物研究》2022年第1期71-75,共5页Crop Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0101500);湖南省旱粮产业技术体系项目(湘农发[2019]105号)。

摘　　要：为鉴定近年新育成的大豆品系在长江流域大豆产区的丰产性、稳产性及适应性,并从中筛选出优良的新品系参加国家级大豆品种试验,对参加2016—2020年度长江流域大豆育种协作网国家联合鉴定试验(长沙点)的55个春大豆品系进行分析,研究各参试品系性状的遗传变异和产量等主要性状间的相关性。结果表明:55个品系主要农艺性状中有效分枝数变异系数最大,单株粒数的变异幅度次之,生育期的变异幅度最小。相关性分析表明:产量与底荚高度极显著正相关,与单株粒重显著正相关,单株粒重与株高、主茎节数、单株荚数、单株粒数均极显著正相关。利用系统聚类法将55份大豆品系分为4大类,第Ⅱ类品系的基因型特征性状表现为株高较其它类型高,单株粒重大,生育期适中,适宜在长沙种植。In order to identify the high and stable yield and adaptability of the newly-bred soybean lines in the Yangtze River area, and select the superior new lines to take part in the test of spring soybean group in the Yangtze river basin.The correlation between the genetic variation and yield of the main characters of 55 spring soybean varieties from 2016 to 2020 National Joint Identification Test of Soybean Breeding Collaborative Network in the Yangtze River Basin(Changsha)were analyzed.The results showed that the variation range of effective branch number was the maximum in these main traits, followed by the variation range of seed number per plant, while that of growth periods was the smallest.The correlation analysis showed that yield had extremely significant positive relation with plant height and positive relation with yield per plant.Meanwhile, yield per plant was significantly positively correlated with plant height, node number of main stem, pod number per plant, and grain number per plant.The system clustering method was used to classify 55 soybean varieties into four clusters.Class Ⅱ,which had higher plant height, more yield per plant, and moderate growth period, were suitable for planting in Changsha.

关 键 词：春大豆 品种 长江流域 农艺性状 相关分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S565.102.4[农业科学—作物学]