农村学校生活饮用水与环境卫生干预的实施效果分析  

Effect analysis of drinking water and environmental sanitation intervention in rural schools

作　　者：茹翠丹 Ru Cuidan(The Longcheng District Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chaoyang City,Chaoyang,Liaoning 122000)

机构地区：[1]朝阳市龙城区疾病预防控制中心,辽宁朝阳122000

出　　处：《基层医学论坛》2022年第2期73-75,共3页The Medical Forum

摘　　要：目的分析农村学校生活饮用水与环境卫生干预的实施效果。方法选取朝阳市龙城区疾病预防控制中心辖区5所农村学校作为研究对象,实施生活饮用水与环境卫生干预,进行健康教育相关活动,实施健康促进进学校,对比干预前后5所学校水质检验,环境卫生检验结果,学生卫生知识认知情况、卫生行为改善情况等,评价干预效果。结果干预前水样检测结果提示菌落总数与总大肠杆菌合格率分别为26.67%,23.33%,干预后为60%、56.67%(P<0.05);干预前5所学校厕所储粪池内均检出寄生虫卵(蛔虫),干预后5所学校厕所储粪池内均未检出寄生虫卵及其他致病微生物;干预前后在校学生腹泻相关知识、水媒传播疾病知识、粪媒传播疾病知识、食源性疾病防治知识知晓率对比差异显著(P<0.05);干预前在校学生饮用生水、生吃蔬菜瓜果前未洗净、饭前便后不洗手、不及时修剪指甲等不良卫生习惯较为明显,干预后上述不良卫生习惯显著改善(P<0.05)。结论在农村学校实施生活饮用水与环境卫生干预,能够改善学校生活饮用水水质与环境卫生水平,促进在校学生卫生行为形成,提高基卫生知识素养。Objective To analyze the methods and effects of implementing the intervention of domesticdrinking water and sanitation in rural schools.Methods Five rural schools in our district were selected as the research objects to implement the intervention of domestic drinking water and environmental sanitation intervention,carry out health education related activities,and implement health promotion into schools.The cognition of health knowledge and improvement of health behavior of students in five schools were compared before and after intervention to evaluate the effect of intervention.Results Before the intervention,the qualified rates of total bacterial count and total Escherichia coli were 26.67%and 23.33%,respectively,which were 60%and 56.67%after intervention(P<0.05);parasitic eggs(Ascaris lumbricoides)were detected in the septic tanks of 5 school toilets before the intervention,and no parasitic eggs and other pathogenic microorganisms were detected in the septic tanks of 5 school toilets after the intervention;Before and after the intervention,the awareness rate of diarrhea related knowledge,knowledge of foodborne disease prevention and control,water-borne disease knowledge and fecal borne disease knowledge of school students was significantly different(P<0.05);before the intervention,the school students’bad health habits such as drinking raw water,not washing before eating vegetables and fruits,not trimming nails in time and not washing hands before and after meals were more obvious,and the above bad health habits were significantly improved after the intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion The implementation of domestic drinking water and environmental health intervention in rural schools can promote the formation of school students’health behavior,improve the health knowledge literacy of school students.

关 键 词：农村学校 生活饮用水 环境卫生 干预效果 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]