全凭静脉麻醉在儿科手术中的应用进展  

Application Progress of Total Intravenous Anesthesia in Pediatric Surgery

作　　者：李海文[1,2] 郭航 吴庭楣 李向朋 马亚群 LI Haiwen;GUO Hang;WU Tingmei;LI Xiangpeng;MA Yaqun(College of Anesthesiology,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,China;Department of Anesthesiology,the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100010,China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学麻醉学院,太原030001 [2]解放军总医院第七医学中心麻醉科,北京100010

出　　处：《医学综述》2022年第2期349-354,共6页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：首都临床特色应用研究项目(Z181100001718002)。

摘　　要：全凭静脉麻醉是围手术期常见的麻醉方式,与吸入麻醉相比具有一定优势,在一些儿科手术中也更加适用。临床小儿麻醉的主要原则是提高麻醉安全性,合理控制麻醉深度。由于儿童的身体器官组织处于发育阶段,药动学与药效学在不同年龄阶段有较大差异,需要更精准地掌握麻醉用药,其中镇静、镇痛药物的选择和使用至关重要。除合理用药方案外,输注方式对提高小儿静脉麻醉安全性也不容忽视。对此,根据不同年龄段儿童的特点,不断优化静脉麻醉药物和给药方式的安全性、有效性,是今后儿科手术麻醉发展的趋势。Total intravenous anesthesia is a common perioperative anesthesia method.It has certain advantages compared with inhalation anesthesia and is more suitable in some pediatric operations.The main principle of clinical pediatric anesthesia is to improve the safety and reasonably control the depth of anesthesia.Since children′s body organs and tissues are in the process of development,and there are great differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics at different ages,it is necessary to master anesthetic drugs more accurately,among which the selection and use of sedative and analgesic drugs are very important.In addition to rational drug use,the way of infusion cannot be ignored to improve the safety of intravenous anesthesia in children.Therefore,according to the characteristics of children of different ages,constantly optimizing the safety and effectiveness of intravenous anesthetic drugs and administration methods is the development trend of pediatric surgical anesthesia in the future.

关 键 词：全凭静脉麻醉 小儿 输注方式 精准麻醉 

分 类 号：R726.1[医药卫生—儿科]