甘肃庆阳晚中新世板齿犀类的骰骨材料及其形态学意义  

A cuboid bone of a large Late Miocene elasmothere from Qingyang,Gansu,and its morphological significance

作　　者：张晓晓[1,2,3] 孙丹辉 ZHANG Xiao-Xiao;SUN Dan-Hui(Tianjin Natural History Museum,Tianjin 300201;Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049)

机构地区：[1]天津自然博物馆,天津300201 [2]中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室,北京100044 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《古脊椎动物学报（中英文）》2022年第1期29-41,共13页Vertebrata Palasiatica

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(编号:XDB26030302,XDA20070203)资助。

摘　　要：描述了一件来自甘肃庆阳晚中新世地层的犀牛的骰骨标本,尺寸巨大,超过泥河湾高加索板齿犀(Elasmotherium caucasicum)的平均值。庆阳标本的形态与板齿犀族其他标本相同,很可能属于大型板齿犀类的中华板齿犀。与现生犀牛相比,其骨体与结节的组合形式具有功能上的意义,骨体平面和结节主轴之间的夹角暗示着板齿犀类所占据的生态类型。通过骰骨的形态分析推测,中华板齿犀和更进步的板齿犀类生活在以森林为主的环境,这与之前关于板齿犀类生活环境的推断不同。A cuboid specimen collected from the Late Miocene stratum at Qingyang, Gansu,China is described here. The size of the Qingyang specimen is comparatively huge, even larger than the average size of Elasmotherium caucasicum collected from Nihewan, Hebei, China. The morphology of the Qingyang specimen is identical to that of other specimens of Elasmotheriini;thus, the Qingyang specimen belongs to a huge elasmothere, most probably Sinotherium. By comparison with extant rhino species, the complex of the main body and the apophysis exhibit functional significance. The angle between the frontal plate of the cuboid and the main axis of the apophysis can suggest the ecological conditions occupied by an elasmothere. From analysis of the morphology of the cuboid, Sinotherium and the more derived elasmotheres probably lived in forested or wooded environments, differing from the previous hypothesis of their paleoenvironment.

关 键 词：甘肃庆阳 晚中新世 板齿犀类 骰骨 古生态 

分 类 号：Q915.877[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]