考虑结伴行为的双出口超市元胞自动机模型  

Cellular automata model of double-exit supermarket considering companion behavior

作　　者：霍非舟 李盈 马亚萍 刘昶[1,2] HUO Feizhou;LI Ying;MA Yaping;LIU Chang(China Research Center for Emergency Management,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430070,China;School of Safety Science and Emergency Management,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学中国应急管理研究中心,湖北武汉430070 [2]武汉理工大学安全科学与应急管理学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2022年第1期95-100,共6页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51808422,52072286);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2019IVB005,2020VI002)。

摘　　要：为研究结伴行为以及障碍物对疏散过程的影响,建立考虑2人结伴行为的双出口元胞自动机疏散模型。模型在静态场中引入危险度模拟行人路径选择,设置个体和2人结伴疏散人群,研究不同行人密度下二者的疏散过程,比较疏散效率;分析相同密度下不同结伴比例的行人疏散过程,得到最优比例;设置横向、竖向和横竖3种障碍物排列方式,模拟个体疏散和结伴疏散2种情况,得到障碍物最佳排列。结果表明:对于个体疏散和结伴疏散,行人密度增加会增加疏散时间,相同行人密度下个体疏散优于结伴疏散;相同结伴比例下,行人疏散时间随着行人密度的增加而增加,结伴比例小于0.6时,疏散效率较高;最佳障碍物排列方式为横竖排列,建议结伴行人比例为0.4。In order to study the influence of companion behavior and presence of obstacles on the evacuation process,a cellular automata evacuation model of double-exit considering two-person companion behavior was established.The risk degree was introduced into the static field to simulate the route selection of pedestrian,then the evacuation processes under different pedestrian densities were studied by setting individual and two-person companion evacuation crowd,and the evacuation efficiencies were compared.The pedestrian processes under different proportions of companion were simulated with the same density,and the optimal proportion was obtained.Three kinds of arrangement mode of obstacles were set,including the horizontal arrangement,vertical arrangement and horizontal-vertical arrangement,and the best arrangement of obstacles was obtained by simulating two evacuation situations of individual evacuation and companion evacuation.The results showed that for the individual evacuation and companion evacuation,the evacuation time increased with the increase of pedestrian density,and the individual evacuation was better than the companion evacuation under the same pedestrian density.Under the same proportion of companion,the pedestrian evacuation time increased with the increase of pedestrian density,and the evacuation efficiency was higher when the proportion of companion was less than 0.6.The best arrangement mode of obstacles was horizontal-vertical arrangement,and the recommended companion pedestrian proportion was 0.4.

关 键 词：结伴行为 元胞自动机 行人比例 人员疏散 

分 类 号：X913[环境科学与工程—安全科学]