基于FDA事故致因模型的铁路行车安全管理研究  

Research on railway operation safety management based on FDA accident causation model

作　　者：郭勇[1] 阳富强[1] GUO Yong;YANG Fuqiang(College of Environment and Safety Engineering,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou Fujian 350116,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学环境与安全工程学院,福建福州350116

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2022年第1期157-162,共6页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51874100)。

摘　　要：为了从安全信息视角深入分析铁路行车事故原因,基于信息学、管理科学和行为科学等相关理论知识,结合铁路行车事故致因原理,构建铁路行车FDA(Forecast-Decision-Action)事故致因模型。该模型由行车人员、铁路运输企业和国家铁路局3条事故致因子链和1条事故致因主链构成,进一步归纳总结出3条子事故域、1条总事故域及各阶段正常运行所需要的安全信息。研究结果表明:破坏事故致因主链或破坏3条事故致因子链,防止不安全物态,可以有效预防铁路行车事故发生。以“4·28胶济铁路特别重大交通事故”为例论证模型具有实用性。To thoroughly analyze the causes of railroad traffic accidents from the perspective of safety information,based on the relevant theoretical knowledge of information science,management science and behavioral science,combined with the causation principle of railway operation accidents,a FDA(Forecast-Decision-Action)accident causation model of the railway traffic accidents was constructed.The model was composed of three accident causation sub-chains including the operation personnel,railway transportation enterprises and the National Railway Administration,and one accident causation main chain,and three sub-accident domains,one total accident domain and the necessary safety information required for the normal operation in each stage were further summarized.Combined with the accident domain,the results showed that destroying the accident causation main chain or three accident causation sub-chains and preventing the unsafe conditions could effectively prevent the occurrence of railway operation accidents,and the practicality of the model was demonstrated by taking the“4.28 JiaoJi Railway extraordinarily serious traffic accident”as an example.

关 键 词：FDA事故致因模型 铁路行车事故 安全管理 安全信息 事故链 

分 类 号：X913[环境科学与工程—安全科学]