体育赛事直播画面著作权保护的困境与完善  

Dilemma and Improvement of Copyright Protection of the Moving Images of Live Broadcast of Sports Events

作　　者：项杨春 XIANG Yangchun(School of Journalism,Shih Hsin University,Taipei 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]世新大学新闻传播学院,台湾台北350108

出　　处：《天津体育学院学报》2022年第1期97-104,共8页Journal of Tianjin University of Sport

摘　　要：传播技术发展推动下,体育赛事直播画面网络实时盗播问题愈发凸显,由此引起的侵权诉讼和法律纠纷也频频出现。通过梳理近十年司法判例发现,司法实践中对于体育赛事直播画面保护存在多样的法律适用情形,将体育赛事直播画面定性为作品以著作权法相关权利给予保护,或定性为录像制品以信息网络传播权予以规制,再或者以反不正当竞争法进行判罚。但以信息网络传播权、反不正当竞争法或以广播组织权进行体育赛事直播画面的保护皆存在一定法律适用困境。透过比较法视角考察英美法系国家对体育赛事直播画面侵权的规制情况,并鉴于体育赛事直播画面的独创性和体育产业发展趋势,提议扩张著作权范围,明确体育赛事直播画面的“作品”性质,将体育赛事直播画面划归“视听作品”序列,同时采取技术中立原则,创设“向公众传播权”,实现体育赛事直播画面权益主体的切实有效保护。With the development of communication technology,the problem of online real-time steal broadcast of the moving images of live broadcast of sports events is becoming more and more prominent,which leads to infringement litigation and legal disputes.Through the analysis of judicial precedents in the past ten years,this paper found that there are various legal application situations for the protection of the moving images of live broadcast of sports events in judicial practice.The moving images of live broadcast of sports events were classified as works,protected by copyright law,or classified as video products,regulated by the right of information network communication,or punished by anti-unfair competition law.However,there were some difficulties in the appli⁃cation of law in the protection of the right of information network communication,anti-unfair competition law or broadcasting organization right.Through the comparative perspective,this paper examined the regulation of infringement of the moving images of live broadcast of sports events in common law countries.In view of the originality the moving images of live broadcast of sports events and the development trend of sports industry,this paper proposes to expand the scope of copyright,clarify the“works”nature of the moving images of live broadcast of sports events,and classify the moving images of live broadcast of sports events into“audio-visual works”.At the same time,it adopts the principle of technology neutrality to create the“right of communication to the public”,so as to realize the effective protection of subject of rights and interests of the moving images of live broadcast of sports events.

关 键 词：体育赛事 直播画面 著作权 独创性 向公众传播权 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]