郑州市河道沉积物中微塑料的污染特征  

Characteristics of Microplastic Pollution in Sediments of Zhengzhou Urban Rivers

作　　者：宋丹丹[1] 王秀莉[1] 尚玉俊[1] 庞海岩[1] 宋晓宇 庄玉伟[1] 郭辉[1] 张倩 张金玉 Song Dandan;Wang Xiuli;Shang Yujun;Pang Haiyan;Song Xiaoyu;Zhuang Yuwei;Guo Hui;Zhang Qian;Zhang Jinyu(High and New Technology Research Center of Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China)

机构地区：[1]河南省科学院高新技术研究中心,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第3期99-105,共7页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)项目(212102310080);中央公益性科研院所河南省科学院基本科研费(追加)项目(200602071);河南省科学院杰青人才培养项目(200402002)资助。

摘　　要：本文以郑州市主要河道沉积物为研究对象,利用密度浮选法分离提取沉积物中的微塑料,采用显微镜及傅里叶变换显微红外光谱仪(μ-FTIR)分析微塑料的丰度、组成、形状、尺寸分布特征。结果表明:郑州市7条主要河道沉积物中微塑料丰度为(以干重计):(2412±188)~(7638±1312)个·kg^(-1),平均丰度为(以干重计):(4388±713)个·kg^(-1);微塑料形状主要为碎片状、纤维状、薄膜状和球状;微塑料组成类型为:聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚乙烯聚丙烯共聚物、聚苯乙烯、聚酯树脂、聚氯乙烯、乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物;多数河道沉积物中的小尺寸微塑料(粒径<1 mm)占比在80%以上。相对于国内外其他城市河道,郑州市河道沉积物中微塑料污染为中高污染水平。Microplastics have received widespread attention as an emerging contaminant.The present understanding of microplastics pollution is primarily focused on marine environments,very limited information is currently available on pollution characteristics of microplastics in freshwater ecosystems.Compared with some freshwater system with low population density,urban rivers along the megacity with a high population density are suspected to be particularly vulnerable to microplastic pollution.In this study,microplastics in surface sediments of Zhengzhou major urban rivers were studied.Microplastics were separated by flotation method,and the abundance,shape,size,color and type of microplastics were identified under stereo light microscope and Fourier transform infrared microscopy(μ-FTIR).The abundance of microplastics ranged from(2412±187.5)to(7638±1312)items·kg^(-1) dry sediment,and the average abundance of microplastics in sediments of Zhengzhou urban rivers was(4388±713)items·kg^(-1) dry sediment.Among all the collected microplastics,fragment and fibre were the dominant microplastic shapes,following film and pellet.Seven types of microplastics with different chemical compositions were identified polypropylene,polyethylene,ethylene-propylene copolymer,polystyrene,polyester resin,polyvinyl chloride,and ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer.Microplastics(size<1 mm)in sediments comprised more than 80%of total number in most of sampling sites.The urban rivers in Zhengzhou had above-average microplastic pollution relative to that in other places around the world.It is suggested that intense human activity are important factor for microplastic accumulation and distribution in the urban rivers.This study can provide valuable points of reference to better understanding microplastic pollution in urban rivers.

关 键 词：微塑料 城市河道 沉积物 丰度 类型 尺寸 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]