黑龙江省4个规模化养殖场繁育母牛泌乳初期血液主要营养代谢指标特征分析  

Analysis on characteristics of main blood nutrient metabolism indexes of cows in early lactation in four large-scale breeding farms in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：高畅鸿 麻芯茹 赵莹莹 张泽琛 钱伟东[1] 任晚霞[2] 贾斌 杨威[1] GAO Changhong;MA Xinru;ZHAO Yingying;ZHANG Zechen;QIAN Weidong;REN Wanxia;JIA Bin;YANG Wei(College of Animal Science and Technology,Heilongjiang Bayi Land Reclamation University,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319,China;School Hospital of Heilongjiang Bayi Land Reclamation University,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319,China;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar,Heilongjiang 161000,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学动物科技学院,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]黑龙江八一农垦大学校医院,黑龙江大庆163319 [3]黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧兽医分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161000

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2022年第1期128-134,共7页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFD0501702);中央引导地方科技发展专项—标准化养殖产业扶贫示范资助项目(ZY17C08)。

摘　　要：通过调查分析黑龙江省规模化繁育母牛场母牛泌乳初期矿物质代谢、能量代谢、蛋白质代谢和肝功能酶类代谢特征,以期明确地区肉牛繁育母牛主要营养代谢紊乱的特征。于黑龙江省双鸭山、哈尔滨、大庆、齐齐哈尔等4个地区选取4个规模化舍饲肉牛养殖场,采集牧场产后7 d和3 d母牛血液,分别记为SYS组(双鸭山产后7 d母牛)、HEB组(哈尔滨产后7 d母牛)、DQ组(大庆产后7 d母牛)、QQHR7组(齐齐哈尔产后7 d母牛)、QQHR3组(齐齐哈尔产后3 d母牛),并对血液中主要矿物质代谢、能量代谢、蛋白质、肝功相关指标进行检测分析。结果显示,矿物质代谢方面,QQHR7组母牛血钙浓度显著高于SYS组、HEB组,以血钙<2.1 mmol/L为低钙血症诊断标准,则低钙血症发病率SYS组为12.5%,DQ组为33.0%,QQHR3组为50.0%,其他2组未见低钙血症母牛;SYS组母牛血Mg^(2+)显著高于HEB、DQ和QQHR7组,DQ组母牛血Mg^(2+)浓度极显著高于QQHR7组。能量代谢方面,SYS和HEB组母牛产后β-羟丁酸(BHBA)浓度显著高于QQHR7组,HEB组母牛BHBA浓度极显著高于QQHR7组;SYS、DQ和HEB组母牛产后甘油三酯(TG)浓度极显著高于QQHR7组;QQHR7组母牛产后游离脂肪酸(NEFA)浓度极显著高于HEB组,DQ组母牛NEFA浓度显著高于HEB组。蛋白质代谢方面,SYS和HEB组母牛产后总蛋白(TP)浓度均极显著高于DQ和QQHR7组;SYS和QQHR7组母牛产后尿素氮(BUN)浓度极显著高于HEB组,QQHR7组母牛显著高于SYS组,DQ组母牛显著高于HEB组;SYS组母牛产后白蛋白(ALB)浓度极显著高于HEB、DQ和QQHR7组;HEB组母牛极显著高于DQ和QQHR7组;HEB和QQHR7组母牛产后球蛋白(GLO)极显著高于SYS组,HEB组母牛显著高于DQ组,HEB组母牛极显著高于QQHE7组。肝脏代谢方面,SYS、HEB和QQHR7组母牛产后谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)浓度极显著高于DQ组;SYS组母牛产后血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)浓度极显著高于HEB、DQ和QQHR7组;SYS组血清天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)浓度显�The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the characteristics of mineral metabolism,energy metabolism,and protein metabolism of cows in large-scale breeding cow farms in Heilongjiang Province at the early stage of lactation.In order to clarify the characteristics of the main nutritional metabolism disorders of beef cattle breeding cows,four large-scale family beef cattle farms in Shuangyashan,Harbin,Daqing and Qiqihar City in Heilongjiang Province were selected.Blood was collected at 7 dand 3 dafter delivery and recorded as SYS group(cows at 7 dpostpartum in Shuangyashan),HEB group(cows at 7 dpostpartum in Harbin),DQ group(cows at 7 d postpartum in Daqing),QQHR7 group(cows at 7 dpostpartum in Qiqihar),QQHR3 group(cows at 3 dpostpartum in Qiqihar).The main blood mineral metabolism,energy metabolism,protein,and liver function related indicators were detected and analyzed.The results showed that in terms of mineral metabolism,the blood calcium concentration of cows in the QQHR7 group was significantly higher than that in the SYS and HEB groups.Using blood Ca2+<2.1 mmol/L as the diagnostic criteria for hypocalcemia,the incidence of hypocalcemia was 12.5%in the SYS group,33.0%in the DQ group,50.0%in the QQHR3 group,and no hypocalcemia cows in the other two groups.The blood Mg^(2+)of cows in the SYS group was significantly higher than that in the HEB,DQ and QQHR7 groups;the blood Mg^(2+)concentration of cows in DQ group was significantly higher than that in QQHR7 group.In terms of energy metabolism,theβ-hydroxybutyric acid(BHBA)concentration of cows in the SYS and HEB groups was significantly higher than that in the QQHR7 group;the BHBA concentration of cows in HEB group was significantly higher than that in the QQHR7 group;the triglyceride(TG)concentration of cows in the SYS,DQ and HEB groups was significantly higher than that in the QQHR7 group;the free fatty acid(NEFA)concentration of QQHR7 cows was significantly higher than that of the HEB group;the NEFA concentration of cows in DQ group was signific

关 键 词：规模化养殖场 繁育母牛 泌乳初期 血液 营养代谢 

分 类 号：S81[农业科学—畜牧学] S852.2[农业科学—畜牧兽医]