莱州湾芙蓉岛西侧人工鱼礁建设对周边海域潮流场和水交换的影响研究  

Impact of artificial reef construction on west side of Furong Island in Laizhou Bay on tidal current field and water exchange in surrounding sea areas

作　　者：岳英洁 贺志鹏 冷星 于冬 YUE Yingjie;HE Zhipeng;LENG Xing;YU Dong(Shandong Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute,Jinan 250013,China;Shandong Consulting Association of Ocean Engineering,Jinan 250013,China;School of Ocean and Earth Sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao Shandong 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省淡水渔业研究院,济南250013 [2]山东省海洋工程咨询协会,济南250013 [3]中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2022年第1期9-17,共9页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：山东省渤海区域基础状况调查与评估项目子项目——海洋开发活动对莱州湾水动力条件和水交换能力影响调查与评估项目(批号:402001202000006_001)。

摘　　要：为探究人工鱼礁建设对周边海域潮流场和水交换产生的影响,基于Mike21HD潮流模型,对莱州湾芙蓉岛西侧人工鱼礁建设前后周边海域潮流场和水交换变化情况进行了数值模拟研究。结果表明,相较于鱼礁建设前,涨急时,从平面分布上,鱼礁区东西向流速呈增加趋势,南北向流速呈递减趋势;从垂向分布上,流速变化:底层>中层>表层,底层流速最大增加量8.6cm·s^(-1)、最大减小量4.3cm·s^(-1),增加量大于1cm·s^(-1)的区域与鱼礁区最远距离为303m,减小量大于1cm·s^(-1)的区域距鱼礁区最远距离为574m。落急时,平面流速变化趋势与涨急时基本一致;垂向分布上,底层流速最大增加量7.9cm·s^(-1),最大减小量3.6cm·s^(-1),增加量大于1cm·s^(-1)的区域与鱼礁区最远距离为271m,减小量大于1cm·s^(-1)的区域与鱼礁区最远距离为333m。鱼礁建设后周边海域水交换率增加约0.1%。人工鱼礁投放后,只改变了礁区局部海域的水动力环境,对湾内其他海域没有影响。Maintaining good water exchange capacity is necessary for ensuring the sustainable development of marine fisheries.The study took the artificial reef on west side of Furong Island in Laizhou Bay as an example to explore the impact of artificial reef construction on tidal current field and water exchange in surrounding sea areas.The study used Mike21 HD ocean current model for numerical simulation,current and tide level verification showed that the model had good accuracy and could ensure the accuracy of simulation results.According to the results,the internal flow velocity changes in the reef area had a certain degree of turbulence,flow velocity of the reef area showed some changes before and after the reef construction.When during rapid rise,the east-west flow velocity increased,and the north-south velocity decreased in horizontal distribution.The flow velocity of bottom layer was larger than that of middle layer and surface layer in vertical distribution.The maximum flow velocity increase was 8.6 cm·s^(-1),and the maximum decrease was 4.3 cm·s^(-1).The farthest distance between the area with an increase more than 1 cm·s^(-1)and the reef area was 303 m,and the farthest distance between the area with an decrease more than 1 cm·s^(-1)and the reef area was 574 m.When during rapid drop,the change of horizontal velocity was basically the same as in rapid rise.In vertical distribution,the maximum increase of the bottom velocity was 7.9 cm·s^(-1),and the maximum decrease was 3.6 cm·s^(-1).The farthest distance between the area with an increase more than 1 cm·s^(-1)and the reef area was 271 m,and the farthest distance between the area with an decrease more than 1 cm·s^(-1)and the reef area was 333 m.After construction of the reef,affected by the effect of narrow tube,the water velocity around and above the reef increased when it flowed through the narrow place,resulting in a slight increase in the water exchange rate.On the whole,after the artificial reef was put into the sea,it only changed the hydrodynamic env

关 键 词：人工鱼礁 芙蓉岛 潮流场 水交换 数值模拟 

分 类 号：S953.1[农业科学—水产养殖]