纯音测听结果正常的老年人噪声下言语识别能力及影响因素分析  

Speech Recognition Ability in Noise among Elderly with Normal Pure Tone Audiometry Thresholds and Influencing Factors

作　　者：许雯雯 任晓倩 张红蕾 刘泓毅 魏之涵 郭睿 XU Wenwen;REN Xiaoqian;ZHANG Honglei;LIU Hongyi;GUO Rui(Graduate School of Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou,Hebei;Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Air Force Characteristic Medical Center,Beijing,China;Zhejiang University of Chinese Traditional Medicine,Hangzhou,Zhejiang)

机构地区：[1]河北北方学院研究生院,张家口075000 [2]空军特色医学中心,北京100142 [3]浙江省杭州中医药大学,杭州310053

出　　处：《中华耳科学杂志》2022年第1期78-81,共4页Chinese Journal of Otology

基　　金：全军保健专项科研课题(16BJZ03)资助。

摘　　要：目的通过普通话快速噪声下言语测试(Mandarin quick speech-in-noise test,M-Quick SIN)评估纯音听力测试(Pure tone auditory,PTA)结果正常的老年人是否存在信噪比损失(Signal-to-noise ratio loss,SNR loss)现象,探讨可能的影响因素。方法选取2018年10月~2020年12月至空军特色医学中心就诊,主诉听力困难但纯音测听结果正常的老年人35例(70耳),完成简易智能精神状态量表(Mini-mental state examination,MMSE)评估、M-Quick SIN测试及教育程度调查,分别获得MMSE量表总得分及信噪比损失值和教育程度情况;根据有无信噪比损失分为信噪比损失组和信噪比正常组,比较两组的年龄、平均听阈、MMSE得分,同时分析认知功能、教育程度对信噪比损失的影响。结果35例(70耳)PTA结果正常的老年人,信噪比正常组26耳(37.14%,26/70),信噪比损失组44耳(62.86%,44/70)。信噪比损失组MMSE得分(26.48±3.16)分低于无信噪比损失组(28.12±0.91)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组老年人的年龄、PTA差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。认知功能、教育程度可能是信噪比损失的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论PTA结果正常者也可能存在SNR loss现象,出现噪声下言语识别能力减弱的情况。认知功能、教育程度可能是出现噪声下言语识别能力减弱的影响因素。Objective To report signal-to-noise ratio loss(SNR loss)in Mandarin Quick Speech-in-Noise test(M-Quick SIN)among the elderly with normal pure tone audiometry thresholds,and possible influencing factors.Methods Thirty five patients(70 ears)with hearing complaints but normal PTA seen at the Air Force Medical Center from October 2018 to December 2020 were included.The mini-mental state examination(MMSE),M-Quick SIN test and education level were obtained.Age,average hearing thresholds,SNR loss and MMSE scores were compared between patients with SNR loss and those without.Results Forty four ears(62.86%)showed SNR loss,with MMSE scores(26.14±3.63)lower than those without SNR loss(28.12±0.91)(P<0.05),while showing no significant difference in age and PTA(P>0.05).Cognitive function and education level may be risk factors for the increase of SNR loss(P<0.05).Conclusion People with normal pure tone audiometry may have SNR loss,which may lead to impaired speech understanding in noise.Cognitive function and education level may be influencing factors for impaired speech recognition ability in noise.

关 键 词：普通话快速噪声下言语测试 简易智能精神状态量表 信噪比损失 

分 类 号：R764[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]