把时间带回治理:基层政府行为中的效率——基于赣西W镇政府“海绵城市”项目建设的追踪观察  

Bringing Time Back to Governance: Efficiency in Local Government Behavior——A Tracking Observation Based on the Construction of the "Sponge City" Project in W Town of Western JiangXi

作　　者：余成龙 陈尧[1] Yu Chenglong;Chen Yao(School of International and Public Affairs.Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai,200030,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院,上海200030

出　　处：《公共管理学报》2022年第1期95-106,172,共13页Journal of Public Management

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目(20BRKO16)。

摘　　要：传统政府研究往往将时间看做是一个常量,忽视了时间之于效率的关键。作为执行主体,基层政府往往面临巨大的效率压力,这种效率主要表现为时间约束,尤其是在完成上级要求的公共项目时。本文通过对W镇政府的追踪观察,探究基层政府在公共工程项目加速实施过程中围绕时间展开的行为策略。研究发现,工程项目遵循自然时间的事本逻辑,项目实施过程要求科层运作、社会互动以及不确定环境等社会时间安排予以"配合"。面对时间约束,基层政府通过体系内权力配置、与社会交换以及不确定环境的权变等加速策略,将项目拉回事本时间的正轨,从而满足项目治理的合理时间要求。从更普遍意义看,随着政府职能从管理向治理转变,行政效率相应地转变为复合性的治理效率,表现为自然时间和社会时间的契合。时间日益成为影响基层治理的关键因素,因而是治理研究需要认真解释的现象。Traditional government studies tend to regard time as a constant quantity, ignoring the key of time to efficiency. As an executive body, local governments often face great pressure for efficiency, which is mainly manifested in time constraints, especially when completing public projects required by their superiors. The article explores the temporal logic of the frequent stagnation in the construction of public works projects, which leads to the acceleration of local governments’ behaviors, through the tracking observation of W township governments. The study finds that projects follow the logic of natural time, and the process of project implementation requires the "cooperation" of social time arrangements, such as section operation, social interaction, and uncertain environment. Facing the time constraint, local governments use accelerating strategies such as power allocation within the system, exchange with society, and power changes in the uncertain environment, to bring projects onto the right track of natural time and thus meet the reasonable time requirements of project governance. In a more general sense, as government functions shift from management to governance, administrative efficiency is correspondingly transformed into composite governance efficiency, manifested as a fit between natural and social time. Time is increasingly becoming a key factor affecting grassroots governance, therefore it is a phenomenon that governance research needs to carefully explain.

关 键 词：治理 效率 时间 基层政府 加速行为策略 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]