论梁启超近代国家思想提出的内在逻辑——以《清议报》为中心  

The Inherent Logic of Liang Qichao's Thoughts on Modern State:An Analysis Centered on The China Discussion

作　　者：贾小叶 Jia Xiaoye

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学 [2]中国社会科学院近代史研究所

出　　处：《近代史研究》2022年第1期35-50,M0003,共17页Modern Chinese History Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“报刊舆论与清末政局研究”(19AZS009)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：梁启超刊发于《清议报》的大量文、论,清楚展现了他提出近代国家思想的内在逻辑。戊戌政变发生后,梁启超被迫流亡日本,“效申包胥之哭”,乞师日英,终以失败告终。以此为契机,梁启超开始关注日英对华政策,充分认识到保全即瓜分的本质。而后,他以西方的近代国家思想为理论基础,果断提出依靠国民实现国家独立的全新命题,《清议报》遂成为梁启超输入并阐发近代国家思想的园地。但作为“康党”的“机关报”,《清议报》同时并存着保皇尊王与依靠国民两条不无紧张的独立路径,这既是其“党报”性质使然,也显示出该报的过渡特征。Liao Qichao published a large amount of articles and commentaries in The China Discussion(Qingyibao),which brought the inherent logic of his thoughts on modern state to the fore. After the 1898 coup,Liang was forced to take refuge in Japan. He went to great lengths to ask for intervention from Japan and the UK,but to no avail. Under such circumstances,Liang started to study the China policies of both Japan and the UK,concluding that "maintaining the integrity of China is only another way of dismembering it". Based on his understanding of western modern state theories,Liang proposed a new path,i. e. to achieve national independence by relying on the Chinese people. The China Discussion then became a platform for Liang to articulate his thoughts on modern state. Regarded as the "mouthpiece"of the Kang Youwei Clique,The China Discussion simultaneously advocated two contradictory paths for China to achieve its national independence: one advocated maintaining the emperorship and the other embraced mobilizing the Chinese people. Such a tension was not only related to the nature of The China Discussion as the"official"newspaper for a political faction,but also attested to the transitional feature of this newspaper.

关 键 词：梁启超 《清议报》 戊戌政变 国家思想 

分 类 号：D092[政治法律—政治学]