人工全膝关节置换术中联合股骨外髁滑移截骨术矫正股骨外弓畸形的疗效分析  

Effectiveness analysis of lateral condyle sliding osteotomy in total knee arthroplasty for the treatment of lateral femoral bowing deformity

作　　者：朴俊杰[1] 张一波 陈晓伟 牛爽 吕欣[1] 杨朝君[1] 孙智文[1] PIAO Junjie;ZHANG Yibo;CHEN Xiaowei;NIU Shuang;LÜ Xin;YANG Zhaojun;SUN Zhiwen(Department of Joint Surgery,Chifeng Municipal Hospital,Chifeng Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,024000,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区赤峰市医院骨关节科,内蒙古自治区赤峰024000

出　　处：《中国修复重建外科杂志》2022年第2期183-188,共6页Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

摘　　要：目的探讨人工全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)中采用股骨外髁滑移截骨术(lateral condyle sliding osteotomy,LCSO)矫正股骨外弓畸形的疗效。方法回顾分析2018年7月—2020年7月TKA中采用LCSO治疗的17例伴股骨外弓畸形的骨关节炎患者临床资料。男3例,女14例;年龄58~68岁,平均63.2岁。股骨外弓畸形病因:股骨发育畸形12例,股骨骨折畸形愈合5例。膝关节骨关节炎KellgrenLawrence分级:Ⅲ级4例,Ⅳ级13例。术前生理外翻角为9.5°~12.5°,平均10.94°。病程3~25年,平均15.1年。术前及末次随访时测量股骨远端机械外侧角(mechanical lateral distal femur angle,mLDFA)、髋-膝-踝角(hip-knee-ankle angle,HKA)、机械轴偏向(mechanical axis deviation,MAD),评估关节外畸形在关节内矫正及下肢机械力线恢复情况;采用膝关节学会评分系统(KSS)膝评分和功能评分、疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、膝关节活动度(range of motion,ROM)评估疗效;行膝内、外翻应力试验,X线片复查截骨片愈合情况,评估关节稳定性及LCSO的安全性。结果术后患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无切口感染、下肢深静脉血栓形成等术后早期并发症发生。17例患者均获随访,随访时间12~36个月,平均23.9个月。截骨片均达骨性愈合,愈合时间2~5个月,平均3.1个月。术后膝内、外翻应力试验均为阴性,未发生外侧副韧带松弛、断裂,膝关节不稳,假体松动、翻修、感染等情况。末次随访时mLDFA、HKA、MAD及膝关节ROM、VAS评分、KSS膝评分和功能评分均较术前显著改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在伴有股骨外弓畸形TKA中应用LCSO疗效确切且安全,关节外畸形在关节内矫正,一次手术可同时恢复下肢机械力线和关节平衡。Objective To investigate the effectiveness of lateral condyle sliding osteotomy(LCSO) in total knee arthroplasty(TKA) for the treatment of lateral femoral bowing deformity. Methods The clinical data of 17 patients with lateral femoral bowing deformity treated by LCSO during TKA between July 2018 and July 2020 was retrospectively analysed. There were 3 males and 14 females, with an average of 63.2 years(range, 58-68 years). The etiology of lateral femoral bowing deformity included 12 cases of femoral developmental deformity and 5 cases of femoral fracture malunion. Kellgren-Lawrence classification of knee osteoarthritis was 4 cases of grade Ⅲ and 13 cases of grade Ⅳ. The preoperative hip-knee shaft was 9.5°-12.5°(mean, 10.94°). The disease duration was 3-25 years(mean, 15.1 years). The mechanical lateral distal femur angle(mLDFA), hip-knee-ankle angle(HKA), and mechanical axis deviation(MAD) of the distal femur were measured before operation and at last follow-up to evaluate the correction of extra-articular deformities in the joints and the recovery of mechanical force lines of the lower extremities. The knee society score(KSS) knee score and function score, visual analogue scale(VAS) score, knee joint range of motion(ROM) were used to evaluate effectiveness. The knee varus/valgus stress test and osteotomy healing by X-ray films were performed to evaluate the joint stability and the safety of LCSO. Results All incisions of the patients healed by first intention after operation, and there was no early postoperative complication such as infection of the incision and deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities.All 17 patients were followed up 12-36 months, with an average of 23.9 months. The osteotomy slices all achieved bony healing, and the healing time was 2-5 months, with an average of 3.1 months. After operation, the knee varus/valgus stress tests were negative, and there was no relaxation and rupture of the lateral collateral ligament, instability of the knee joint,loosening, revision and infection of

关 键 词：股骨外髁滑移截骨术 股骨外弓畸形 关节外畸形 人工全膝关节置换术 

分 类 号：R687.3[医药卫生—骨科学]