纳米农药毒性机制与环境行为的研究进展  

Research advances on toxic mechanisms and environmental behavior of nano-pesticides

作　　者：王言之 曹国发 徐源 环飞[2,3] 王玉邦 张静姝 Wang Yanzhi;Cao Guofa;Xu Yuan;Huan Fei;Wang Yubang;Zhang Jingshu(First Clinical Medical College,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing Jiangsu 211166,China;School of Public Health,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing Jiangsu 211166,China;Safety Assessment and Research Center for Drug,Pesticide and Veterinary Drug of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing Jiangsu 211166,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学第一临床医学院,江苏南京211166 [2]南京医科大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京211166 [3]江苏省医药农药兽药安全性评价与研究中心,江苏南京211166

出　　处：《中国植保导刊》2021年第12期14-18,共5页China Plant Protection

基　　金：江苏省高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(苏政办发[2018]87号)。

摘　　要：纳米农药有分散性好、利用度高的显著优势,是近年来农业生产的应用热点,其风险评估问题得到广泛关注。对氧化胁迫、免疫应答、遮光效应等纳米颗粒的生物毒性机制进行集中综述,同时分析了纳米颗粒在水、地质、大气、生物循环中的迁移、转化及其与自然环境中有机质、无机质的相互作用。为预防及降低纳米农药的施用风险,须在参照传统农药管理的基础上,结合纳米材料的颗粒特性制定新的风险管理方案。With significant advantages such as good dispersion and high utilization, nano-pesticides have become the hot spot in agricultural production in recent years, and the risk assessment of nano-pesticides has been widely concerned. In this article, the biotoxicity mechanisms of nanoparticles in generating oxidative stress, inducing immune response, and causing shading effect were reviewed. Meanwhile, the migration and transformation of nanoparticles in water, soil, air, and living organisms and their interaction with organic and inorganic matters in the environment were analyzed. To prevent and reduce the risk of nano-pesticides application, we should formulate a new risk management framework that takes into account the properties of nanomaterials based on current pesticide management principles.

关 键 词：纳米农药 表征 风险评估 毒性机制 环境行为 

分 类 号：S481[农业科学—农药学]